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Effect of High Temperature on Some Physiological Parameters of Grain Growth and Yield of Boro Rice Varieties

Papri Hazra
Former MS Student
Department of Environmental Science, BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. Md. Abdul Baten
Professor
Department of Environmental Science, BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer and Head
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted with four varieties viz., Binadhan-5, Binadhan-6, Binadhan-8 and Iratom-24 in the plant growth chamber at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during December, 2013 to May, 2014 to assess the effects of high temperature at different growth stages on yield and yield attributes and photosynthetic parameters during grain growth. Temperature treatments T0 (control temperature), T1 (36°C at tillering), T2 (36°C at panicle initiation), T3 (36°C at booting), and T4 (36°C at flowering) were imposed for yield attributes and T0 (control temperature) and T1 (30^oC) were applied during grain growth. Number of total tillers and effective tillers per plant, filled and unfilled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, total grain yield and harvest index were significantly affected by temperature treatments. High temperature stress (36^oC) at panicle initiation reduced grain yield more compared to other treatments. The grain dry weight (15.63), photosynthetic rate (14.61), leaf conductance (0.43) and transpiration rate (6.03) decreased but water use efficiency (2.83) of flag leaf increased with temperature treatments. Binadhan6 showed the highest grain dry matter accumulation under temperature treatments during grain growth period than control temperature and also showed satisfactory grain yield (18.53). So, Binadhan6 seems to be tolerant to high temperature.

Keywords: High temperature, Photosynthesis, Leaf conductance, Transpiration, Grain growth, Water use efficiency, Rice

Location: Plant growth chamber at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA)

Start Date: 19-12-2013

End Date: 30-05-2014

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to assess of high temperature at different growth stages on yield and yield attributes and photosynthetic rate, leaf conductance, transpiration and water use efficiency during grain growth period and to find out stress tolerant variety.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted with the varieties Binadhan-5, Binadhan-6, Bimadhan-8, and Iratom-24 in a plant growth chamber at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) during December, 2013 to May, 2014 to assess of high temperature at different growth stages on yield and yield attributes and photosynthetic rate, leaf conductance, transpiration and water use efficiency during grain growth period. For yield and yield attributes the following five treatments viz., T0 (control temperature), T1 (36°C at tillering stage), T2 (36°C at panicle initiation stage), T3 (36°C at booting stage), and T4 (36°C at flowering stage) were applied for seven days at each respective growth stage and then plants were allowed to grow at ambient temperature up to maturity. For grain growth studies two temperature treatments, T0 (control), and 30^oC were applied from fertilization to grain maturity. The experiment was laid out incompletely randomized design with three replications. The soil for the experiment was collected from the BINA campus. The soil was silt loam, organic matter 1.05%, total N 0.07%, available P 14.3 ppm, exchangeable K 0.25 meq. Per 100g soil, available S 13.2 and soil pH 6.67. Each pot contained 11 kg of soils. On 18 January, 2014, 30 days old seedlings were transplanted. Soils were fertilized with urea 1.72g/pot, TSP 1.06 g/pot, MP 0.215 kg/ha, 0.80 g/pot corresponding to urea 215kg/ha TSP 180kg/ha, MP 100kg/ha, respectively. Ten grains were harvested from selected panicles of three plants of each treatment at 3 days interval starting from fertilization to maturity. Data on grain growth, photosynthetic parameters, yield and yield attributes were recorded. The collected data were analyzed statistically by MSTAT computer packages (Freed, 1992). The mean differences among the treatments were calculated with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: MS thesis by PAPRI HAZRA, Roll No. 13 Ag.ENVSJJ08M, Regi. No.: 40831, Sessions: 2013-2014, Department of Environmental Science, BAU, Mymensingh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Number of total tillers and effective tillers per plant, filled and unfilled grains per panicle, 1000-grain weight, total grain yield and harvest index of rice varieties were significantly affected by temperature treatments. High temperature stress (36^oC) at panicle initiation reduced grain yield more compared to other treatments. The grain dry weight (15.63), photosynthetic rate (14.61), leaf conductance (0.43) and transpiration rate (6.03) decreased but water use efficiency (2.83) of flag leaf increased with temperature treatments. Binadhan6 showed the highest grain dry matter accumulation under temperature treatments during grain growth period than control temperature and also showed satisfactory grain yield (18.53). So, Binadhan6 seems to be tolerant to high temperature.

Knowledge Management: Thesis