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Morpho-physiological and Reproductive Characters and Their Relationships with Seed Yield of Advanced Mungbean Mutants

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Prof. Dr. A. B. Puteh
Professor
Dept Crop Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Experiment was conducted under subtropical condition to investigate the variations in some morphological features, growth, reproductive characters and its impact on seed yield using correlation coefficient in fifteen promising mungbean mutants and cultivars. Correlation study revealed that among the traits investigated, leaf area was the most important source that determined total dry mass (TDM) yield, and reproductive characters like number of racemes, flowers and pods plant^-1 were the most important sinks that determined seed yield. Contrarily, reproductive efficiency (RE, % pod set to opened flowers) did not show significant relationship with pod number, pod size and seed yield, indicating that selection of high yield based on RE may be misleading. Generally, high yielding genotypes had capacity to produce higher branches, total dry mass production, leaf area, crop growth rate and number of flowers per plant than the low yielding ones. This information may be used in future plant breeding programme.

Keywords: Mungbean, Mutants, Morphology, Growth, Reproductive characters, Yield

Location: Field Laboratory of BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 22-02-2010

End Date: 15-05-2010

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To evaluate the morphology, growth, reproductive and yield attributes of mungbean mutants and investigates relationship among morpho-physiological characters, reproductive characters and yield to generate information for breeders of mungbean improvement.

Methodology:

Performance of twelve promising mutants viz., MB9500, MB9400, MB6144, MB3960, MB6173, MB6175, MB298, MB300, MB402, MB521, MB901, MB915 and three check varieties, BINAmung2, BINAmung5 and BARImung5 were evaluated at the farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) during Kharif-I (February-May) season of 2010. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Unit plot size was 3 m × 3 m. Seeds were sown in line of 30 cm apart and two weeks after germination, the plants were thinned to 8-10 cm distance between the plants. Recommended fertilizer doses and intercultural practices were followed for proper growth and development of the plants.

To study growth rate, a total of two harvests were made. The first crop sampling was done at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and second sampling was done at 45 DAS. From each sampling, five plants were randomly selected from second row of each plot and uprooted for collecting necessary parameters. The growth analysis like absolute growth rate was carried out following the formulae of Hunt (1978). The number of opened flowers/plant was recorded from 15 randomly selected pants, 5 from each plot. The opened flowers were counted daily. Reproductive efficiency (Percent podset to opened flowers) was calculated as follows: % pod set = (Number of pods/plant ÷ Number of opened flowers/plant) × 100. The morphological and yield contributing characters were recorded at harvest from ten competitive plants of each plot. The seed yield was recorded from eight rows of each plot (2.50 m × 3.0 m) and converted into seed yield/hectare. Harvest index was calculated from the collected data using formula: (economic yield/plot ÷ biological yield/plot) × 100. The collected data were analyzed statistically by using computer package programme, MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: Research on Crops, 15 (2): 444-449 (2014)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In addition to superior characters for yield components, a high yielding mungbean genotype should posses a relatively higher flower number with superior morpho-physiological parameters and having capacity to better dry matter partitioning to economic yield. Among the mutants/cultivar, MB6173 produced the highest seed yield/ha along with higher HI and was the earlier in maturity than the mother BINAmung5, which may be fit in the existing cropping pattern in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal