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Foliar Application of Chitosan Improve Morpho-physiological Attributes and Yield in Winter Tomato

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

N, C. Dafader
Chief Chientific Officer
Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commision, Savar, Dhaka

Dr. A. H. M. Razzaque
Chief Chientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were conducted under sub-tropical condition during the period from November to April, 2011-12, to investigate the effect of foliar application of chitosan (a growth promoter) on morphological, growth and reproductive characters and its consequence on fruit yield of tomato. The experiment comprised five levels of chitosan concentrations viz., 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm. The chitosan was sprayed two times of 25 and 35 days after transplanting. Results revealed that foliar application of chitosan at early growth stages improved the morphological (plant height, number of branches and leaf area plant^-1, physiological (total dry mass plant^-1, absolute growth rate, relative growth rate and nitrate reductase activity in leaves), reproductive (number of effective flower clusters and flowers plant^-1, and reproductive efficiency) parameters and thereby increased the prime yield component, number of fruits plant^-1 and resulting increased fruit yield of tomato. The higher fruit yield was recorded in 50 and 75 ppm of chitosan in summer tomato with being the highest in 75 ppm. Therefore, foliar application of chitosan at 75 ppm may be used at early growth stage for getting maximum fruit yield of summer tomato under sub-tropical condition.

Keywords: Chitosan, Foliar spray, Growth, Fruit yield, Winter tomato

Location: Experimental field of BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 23-11-2011

End Date: 30-04-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To study the effect of chitosan on morph-physiological features, yield attributes and yield in winter tomato under sub-tropical (24⁰75´ N and 90⁰50´ E) conditions.

Methodology:

Two experiments were carried out at the farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during February-April of 2011-12. Five concentrations of chitosan viz., 0, 50, 75, 100, and 125 ppm were applied two times at vegetative, 25 days after transplanting (DAT), and at flowering start phase, 35 DAT. The chitosan was sprayed by a hand sprayer at afternoon. The tomato variety, BINAtomato-5 was used as test crop. The unit plot size was 5 m × 4 m. The row to row and plant to plant distances was 50 cm. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Recommended cultural practices were followed for normal plant growth and development. To study growth characteristics, a total of two harvests were made in 2011. The first and second crop sampling was done at 40 and 60 DAT. From each sampling, five plants were randomly selected from each plot and uprooted for collecting necessary parameters. The plants were separated into roots, stems, leaves and fruits, and the corresponding dry weight were recorded after oven drying at 80 ± 2 ⁰C for 72 hours. The leaf area was measured by automatic leaf area meter 80 DAT, just before starting of harvesting fruits. The growth analysis like absolute growth rate and relative growth rate was carried out following the formula of Hunt (1978). All biochemical parameters were recorded at 50-60 DAT, the fruiting stage. Other morphological, reproductive and yield attributes were recorded during tomato harvest. Harvesting was done at different dates depending on fruit ripening. The collected data were analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Journal, Pakistan Journal of Agric Sci. Vol. 54 (accepted)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Foliar application of chitosan at vegetative stage enhance plant growth and development which resulted increased fruit yield in tomato. Among the concentrations, 75 ppm had superiority for plant growth, reproductive characters, yield components and yield over 25, 50 and 100 ppm. Therefore, application of chitosan @ 75 ppm may be recommended for winter tomato cultivation after few more field trials.

Knowledge Management: Journal