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Role of Morpho-physiological Attributes on Yield in Mungbean

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Dr. M. A. K. Azad
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were carried out to investigate the variations in growth and reproductive characters, and yield attributes for selection of important source and sinks characters using correlation and path coefficient analyses in 45 mungbean genotypes. Large genetic variability existed in source characters viz., leaf area index (LAI) (1.22 to 3.80) and sink characters viz., number of racemes plant^-1 (6.30 to 22.9), flowers plant^-1 (18.1 to 51.9) and pods plant^-1 (9.6 to 22.1). Results of genotypic correlation study revealed that LAI was the most important source that determined total dry mass (TDM) yield, and reproductive characters like number of racemes, flowers and pods plant^-1 were the most important sinks that determined seed yield. Contrarily, reproductive efficiency did not show strong relations with pod number and seed yield indicating that selection of high yield based on RE may be misleading. Results of Path coefficient analysis further revealed that number of flowers, pods and 100-seed weight constituted central important sinks which exerted direct positive influence on seed yield. The results indicate that pod yield could be increased by increased raceme and flower production while seed yield could be increased by increasing pod production.

Keywords: Source-sink; Correlation; Path analysis; Mungbean

Location: Experimental field of BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 22-03-2004

End Date: 26-05-2005

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To investigate variations in some morpho-physiological, reproductive characters, and yield attributes for selection of important sources and sinks based on correlation and path analysis in 45 mungbean genotypes over growing seasons and locations.

Methodology:

Forty-five local and exotic genotypes of mungbean were grown in two successive seasons in the ‘Kharif-I’ (February-May), 2004 & 2005 at the two locations viz., Field laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh and the sub-station farm, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Ishurdi, Pabna. A randomised complete block design with three replications was followed in both the locations. A unit plot size of 2 m ´ 1.8 m with plant spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm was used. Cultural practices were the same in both the seasons and locations. Uniform plant stands (30 plants m^-2) were maintained in both the seasons. Urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum were used as a source of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur at the rate of 40, 120, 80 and 30 kg ha^-1, respectively at the time of final land preparation. Recommended cultural practices were followed. Data on growth and yield contributing characters such as TDM, number of raceme and pods, seeds pod^-1, single pod and 100-seed weight, and seed yield were recorded on 10 plants from each plot. But number of opened flowers plant^-1 was recorded from 5 randomly selected pants from each plot. The opened flowers were counted daily. Leaf area index was measured by canopy analyzer at 60 DAS i.e. at pod growth stages. Plant sample was oven dried at 80 ⁰C ± 2 for 48 hours. The total dry matter plant^-1 was estimated by summing dry matter of leaves, stem, root and pods dry weight per plant. Seed yield was computed on plot yield basis and converted into kilogram hectare^-1. The collected data were analysed statistically statistically. Phenotypic and genotypic correlations were estimated according to Johnson et al. (1955). Finally, path co-efficient analysis was performed following the method of Dewey and Lu (1959).

Source of Information: African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(60):12897-12904, (2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Leaf area index is the most important sources that determined TDM yield. Raceme number is the main sink determining organ of flowers and pods production. Correlation and path-coefficient analysis indicated that number of flowers plant^-1, pods plant^-1 and 100-seed mass contributed maximum to seed yield in mungbean and E₄I 913, BMX 942-8, BMX 953-9, VC 6173 and BARI moog 2 maintained superiority in the above characters, except 100-seed mass, which resulted higher seed yield.

Knowledge Management: Journal