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Deflowering Effect on Vasculature and Yield Attributes in Raceme of Mungbean

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Prof. Dr. MSA Fakir
Professor
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiments were conducted to investigate deflowering effect on podset probability and vasculature in the proximal and distal positions of raceme in mungbean plant. Four deflowering treatments were applied: control, all opened flowers were removed continuously from 10, 20 and 30 basal nodes of the racemes. Results indicated that mungbean plant compensated for yield loss up to 10-nodes flower removal following a significant yield reduction on further deflowering in the raceme. Results revealed that rachis of the normal raceme in mungbean was tapers from proximal to distal end while in the deflowered raceme, the rachis becomes thicker at distal end than normal one. Removal of proximal flowers from 10-30 nodes, however, allowed pod development in the distal end of the raceme, which would otherwise have abscised. Such podset capacity in the distal end of the rachis was possibly due to development of adequate xylem and phloem tissues in the distal part of the deflowered rachis, like a normal rachis in the proximal position. The presence of pods in the proximal end on racemes interfere the development of distal pods and increased the abscission probability of reproductive structures borne at distal position in mungbean.

Keywords: Intraraceme deflowering effect, Xylem and phloem, Mungbean yield.

Location: Experimental farm, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 22-02-2006

End Date: 22-05-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To measure phloem and xylem areas within the rachis of developing mungbean raceme, to determine if the size of the vascular tissues areas were associated with flower abscission and pod development, and to determine the effect of removal of proximal pods on vascular tissue areas in distal regions of the racemes.

Methodology:

Pods bearing raceme (both control and deflowered) at mature stage (20-30 days old) were collected. The raceme samples were collected from the upper part of the mainstem. Sample of rachis was divided into two positions, proximal (basal 1-5 nodes) and distal (top 10-30 nodes, depending on deflowering) for morphological and anatomical investigation. Normally individual raceme consisted of 16-25 nodes and flowered acropetally. In the present investigation, free hand sectioning of rachis in the two positions (proximal 1-5 nodes and distal 10-30 nodes, depending on deflowering treatments) of the raceme was followed according to Johansen (1940). Before sectioning, the length and diameter of pod bearing rachis both at proximal and distal positions was recorded using a ruler and slide calipers, respectively. Hand sectioning of fresh material was done by sharp stainless razor blades within four hours after sample collection. The sections were stained with Safranin dye and were examined under the compound microscope immediately after preparation. The radial length of vascular tissue, xylem and phloem at both proximal and distal positions of the normal and deflowered rachis was measured separately using a micrometer set at the eyepiece.

Source of Information: Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(11):1339-1344 (2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The presence or absence of the proximal pods affects development of distal pods and abscission probability in mungbean. Proximal pods also influence translocation of photosynthates into distal pods which determine whether pod set or not in the distal part of a raceme.

Knowledge Management: Journal