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Optimizing Plant Population Density of BARIsoybean-5 at Aez-9

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of plant density on morpho-physiological characters, yield attributes and yield of soybean cv. BARIsoybean-5. The experiment comprised of six population densities viz., 80, 40, 28, 20, 16 and 12 plants m^-2 whose spacing were maintained as 25 cm × 5 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 20 cm, 25 cm × 25 cm and 25 cm × 30 cm, respectively. The plant height, leaf area index and relative growth rate increased with increasing plant density while branch number plant^-1, leaf area plant^-1, total dry mass plant^-1, crop growth rate, yield contributing characters such as number of pods plant^-1, seeds pod^-1, 100-seed weight as well as seed weight plant^-1 decreased with increasing plant density. The higher number effective pods plant^-1, 100-seed weight and seed yield plant^-1 were recorded at the density of 12 and 16 plants m^-2and the lowest of the above parameters was observed at the density of 80 plants m^-2. But per unit area basis, the highest (1.70 t ha^-1) and higher (1.63 t ha^-1) seed yield was recorded in the density of 80 and 40 plants m^-2 due to accommodation of higher number of plants per unit area than the other lower densities.

Keywords: Soybean, Plant density, Growth, Seed yield

Location: Research farm, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 22-11-2008

End Date: 17-03-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To find out optimum plant density for maximizing seed yield in soybean cv. BARIsoybean-5 based on morpho-physiological criteria.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at the Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, during the period from November 2008 to March 2009 to investigate the effect of plant density on morpho-physiological characters, yield attributes and yield of soybean cv. BARIsoybean-5. The experiment comprised of six levels of plant densities such as 80, 40, 28, 20, 16 and 12 plants m^-2 corresponding to row to row distance was 25 cm and plant to plant distances in a line were maintained as 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cm. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The size of the unit plot was 2.5 m × 2.5 m. Urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP) and gypsum were used as source of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulphur @ 40, 120, 80 and 40 kg ha^-1, respectively (BARC, 2005). After germination of sowing seeds, plants were thinned according to treatments from 5 to 30 cm distance (as per treatment) from one another within a line at 20 days after sowing (DAS). To study ontogenetic growth characteristics, a total of seven harvests was made and at final harvest, data were collected on some morpho-physiological and yield attributes, and yield. The first crop sampling was done at 40 DAS and continued at an interval of 15 days up to 115 DAS. From each plot, five plants were randomly selected and uprooted for obtaining data on necessary parameters. The LAI and the growth analyses like absolute growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate were carried out following the formulae of Hunt (1978). The collected data were analyzed statistically and the means were adjudged by DMRT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculturist 4(2): 116-120; 2011

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The plants of wider spacing had superiority for plant growth, yield components and yield plant^-1 over closer spacing ones. However, higher seed yield per unit area basis was obtained from the plants with closer spacing; and the density of 40 or 80 plants m^-2 of soybean cv. BARIsoybean-5 performed higher seed yield and showed similarity with each other. Therefore, we may practice the density of 40 plants m^-2 for more economic benefit with saving soil fertility.

Knowledge Management: Journal