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Gene Action for Yield and Yield Contributing Characters in Indian Mustard (brassica Juncea L.)

Raisul Houqe
M S Student
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SAU, Dhaka.

M. A. Z. Chowdhury
Principal Scientific Officer (Crops)
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka.

M. S. R. Bhuiyan
Professor
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study of the attributes for seed yield of 28 F₁s and their parents 8 x 8 diallel (excluding reciprocals) of Brassica juncea L., showed the contribution of both additive and non- additive components for all traits indicating the importance of both additive and dominance components. Dominant gene action was predominant in most of the traits except days to maturity, plant height and 1000- seed weight. Height heritability (76 per cent) was observed for days to maturity. The asymmetrical distribution of the positive and negative alleles at all loci was found for all the characters studied. The Vr- Wr graphs exhibited dominance effect of genes for all the characters. Over dominance was observed for the traits primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, length of siliqua, siliquae per plant, seeds per siliqua and seed yield per plant while partial dominance was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, 1000- seed weight, harvest index and oil content. The graphical analysis indicated wide genetic diversity among the parents.

Keywords: Brassica juncea, Additive and non-additive component, Gene action, Genetic diversity

Location: Oilseed Research Center, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 16-11-2004

End Date: 00-00-2005

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To know the nature and magnitude of gene action in developing an effective breeding programme.

Methodology:

The eight selected parents of Indian mustard were crossed in diallel mating design excluding reciprocal during winter 2004- 05 at the experimental farm of Oilseed Research Center (ORC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Source of the materials along with some important characters of the parents are presented. Twenty eight F₁s along with their eight parents were grown on 16 November 2005 at ORC farm in a randomized block design with three replications. Each F₁ line and their parents comprised of single rows of 2.5 m long with a spacing of 40 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants. Ten randomly selected competitive plants from each of the parents and F₁s will be used in each replication for recording data on plant height (cm), primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, length of siliqua (cm), number of siliquae per plant, seeds per siliqua, 1000- seed weight (g), seed yield per plant (g), harvest index and oil content (%). Days to 50% flowering and days to maturity were recorded on plot basis. The data were analyzed for variance. The partitioning of genetic components and Vr- Wr graph was done following the method of Hayman 1954

Source of Information: JOURNAL OF SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, Vol. 01 (1), July 2007, pp. 48-56.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above results it might be concluded that as non-fixable variation was higher for all the attributes except days to maturity, plant height and 1000- seed weight, considerable improvement of these traits might be possible by transferring complementary gene into non- epistatic high dominance cross or by eliminating duplicate genes from some of high- dominance cross. A study of epistatic components would thus be helpful in formulating an efficient and effective breeding programme.

Knowledge Management: Journal