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Potentiality of Seed Treatment with Some Plant Extract to Control Bipolaris Leaf Blight (bipolaris Sorokiniana) and Increasing Yield of Wheat

M. A. Islam
M S Student
Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

F. M. Aminuzzaman
Assistant Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

M. R. Islam
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

M. W. Ullah
M S student
Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of plant extracts to control Bipolaris leaf blight (Bipolaris sorokiniana) and increasing grain yield of wheat. Water extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica), 'allamanda' (Allamallda cathartica), 'mehedi' (Lawsonia alba) leaves, 'bishkatali' (Polygonum hydropiper) shoot, 'garlic' (Allium sativum) clove, onion (Allium cepa) bulb, black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed, and ginger (Zingiber officinalis) rhizome were prepared at a concentration of 1: 2. Wheat seeds were treated with individual plant extracts. Seeds were also treated with Vitavax- 200 for comparison. It was found that all the plant extracts except mehedi increased seed germination on blotter. A remarkable reduction in incidence of seed born Bipolaris sorokiniana was achieved with the botanicals. The disease severity was the lowest under Vitavax- 200, followed by bishkatali and garlic extract. The highest disease severity was recorded under control. The increased grain yield over control was achieved with extracts of onion, garlic, black cumin, ginger, bishkatali and neem. The efficacy of plant extracts to decrease disease severity and to increase grain yield was more or less similar to that of Vitavax - 200.

Keywords: Plant extracts, Leafblight, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Wheat

Location: Sher-E-BangIa Agricultural University farm, Dhaka

Start Date: 01-01-2005

End Date: 31-12-2006

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To find out the potentiality of some plant extracts as seed treating agents against BpLB of wheat and its causal fungus B. sorokiniana.

Methodology:

Water extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica), 'allarnanda' (Allamanda cathartica) and 'mehedi' (Lawsonia alba) leaves, 'bishkatali' (Polygonum hydropiper) shoot, 'garlic' (Allium sativum) clove, onion (Allium cepa) bulb, black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed, and ginger (Zingiber officinalis) rhizome were prepared at a concentration of 1: 2. One hundred grams of a material was blended with 200 ml of distilled sterilized water in blender. After thorough blending the extracts were passed through double- ply cheese cloth. Seeds of wheat CV Kanchan were collected from a farmer of Bogra district. The seeds were treated with individual plant extracts. For seed treatment, individual plant extracts was poured into a petri dish and 400 seeds were dipped in the extract for 30 minutes maintaining three replication. The excess extract was drain off, seeds were spread on blotting paper to soak excess moisture and air dried. Four hundred seeds were treated with plain water which served as control. The treated seeds were plated on moist and sterilized filter paper in petri dish and incubated at 25±1? for 7 days. Data on germination and incidence of seed - borne B. sorokiniana were recorded. Treated seeds were sown in the experimental field of Sher-E- BangIa Agricultural University farm during 2005- 2006 wheat seasons. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The field was prepared properly and divided into three blocks with 10 unit plots in each. Each unit plot size was 2m X 1m. Block to block and plot to plot distances were 1 m. Recommended doses of fertilizers and manures were applied. The rate of the fertilizer and manures were urea 220 kg / ha, TSP 180 kg / ha, MP 50 kg/ha, gypsum 120 kg/ha and cowdung 10 t/ha. Irrigation and other intercultural operations were done whenever necessary. The average BpLB severity of flag leaf, penultimate leaf (2^nd leaf from top) and 3^rd leaf from top of the plant was indexed on a 0-5 indexing scale from 25 selected plants per plot (five plants per line) at hard dough stage. The crop was harvested at full ripening stage and data on grain yield was recorded. The % disease grain per panicle was recorded. The collected data were analyzed statistically using MSTAT-C computer program. The means were compared by Least Significance Difference (LSD).

Source of Information: JOURNAL OF SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, Vol. 01 (1), July 2007, pp. 57-62.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the study reveal that plant extracts gave remarkable reduction in BpLB severity and prevalence of diseased seeds over control. They also influenced on important yield contributing characters and grain yield. The antifungal activity of botanicals as seed treating agent have also been reported by many other investigators. Rhaman, Remarkable reduction of leaf blight severity of wheat by spraying botanicals such as Allium sativum, Nigella sativa, Lawsonia alba and Cymbopogon citratus. The potential use of neem extract as a means of controlling B. sorokiniana of wheat, the extracts of Allium cepa, A. sativum, Datura stramonium, D. plumeiri, Lawsonia alba, Ricinus communis, Leomurus sibiricus and Mentha viridis completely inhibited spore germinatioin of B. sorokiniana at 1:3 (w/v) dilution ratio. The extract of mehedi was found to be effective against Bipolaris sorokiniana.

Knowledge Management: Journal