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Flower Production and Yield in Mungbean

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, during September to November 2007 to investigate flower production, flowering pattern, reproductive efficiency, yield attributes and their relationship with seed yield in 10 mungbean genotypes. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with four replications. Results revealed that the high yielding genotypes produced greater number of opened flowers having longer flowering duration (range l5-18 days) than the low yielding ones . It was also appeared that high yielding genotypes had higher flower production rate over time than the low yielding ones and maximum flower production occurred within 10-12 days after flowering started. However, high yielding genotypes showed lower reproductive efficiency (range 52.6-61.4%) than in low yielding ones (59.5-81.2%) indicating there is a scope of increasing yield by improving the reproductive efficiency in high yielding genotypes in mungbean. Seed yield had significant and positive correlation with pod number (r = 0.89**) and pod number depend on leaf area (r = 0.75**), TDM plant^-1 (r = 0.84**), raceme (r = 0.76**) and flower number (r = 0.87**). This aspect may be necessary for future plant breeding programme of mungbean yield improvement.

Keywords: Vigna radiata; Flowering duration; Flowering pattern; Pod set %; Yield.

Location: Experimental field of BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 06-09-2007

End Date: 18-11-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

This study focused on investigating flower production, flowering pattern, reproductive efficiency and their relationships with yield in ten mungbean genotypes discriminated for yields to assess yield determining factors.

Methodology:

A pot experiments was conducted at the pot yard, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh in Kharif-II (September-November), season of 2007. A completely randomized design with four replications was used in the study. The experiment consisted of ten mungbean genotypes viz., MB-16, MB-17, MB-23, MB-35, MB-44., MB-45, MB-46, MB-47, BARImung-4 and BINAmoog-4. Among these, BARImung-4 and BINAmoog-4 were released varieties and the rests were advanced mutants. The pots were filled with 12 kg sandy loam soil considered proper for mungbean cultivation. The fertilizers were applied at the rate of 40, 80, 60 and 40 kg ha^-1 as urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum, respectively. Ten seeds were sown in a pot after 8 hours of soaking to ensure uniform germination and, two weeks after germination, two plants pot^-1 were kept for growth and development, which denoted a replication. Irrigation, weeding, spray of insecticide were used as and when needed for normal growth and development. Flower count began from the date of opening of first flower and continued at every day until flowering ceased for first flush. Number of flowers produced at each day was averaged over 3 days interval. Flower production or flowering pattern at 3-day interval, and flowering duration were later calculated from the collected data. Per cent pod set to opened flowers, reproductive efficiency (RE) was then estimated as: % pod set = (Number of pods plant^-1 ÷ Number of opened flowers plant^-1) × 100. During harvest time; leaf area, dry matter production, yield and yield components were recorded. The collected data were analyzed by CRD using the statistical computer package programme, MSTAT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Crop Science, 20 (2): 181-185 (2009)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

High yielding genotypes have longer flowering duration, higher number of flowers and pods with lower reproductive efficiency whilst reverse trends hold for the low yielder.

Knowledge Management: Journal