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Effect of Fertilizer Management and Mulching on the Growth and Yield of Lettuce

M A Ali
Lecturer
Department of Horticulture and Postharvest Technology, SAU, Dhaka -1207.

A M Farooque
Vice-Chancellor
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka -1207.

M H Akand
Associate Professor
Department of Horticulture and Postharvest Technology, SAU, Dhaka -1207.

A H M Solaiman
Lecturer
Department of Horticulture and Postharvest Technology, SAU, Dhaka -1207.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment consisted of four levels of fertilizers and manure treatments viz. control, Cowdung 23.14 t/ ha, chemical fertilizer (Urea 352 kg/ ha, TSP 180 kg/ ha and MP 158 kg/ha) and organic + inorganic fertilizer (cowdung 11.5 t/ ha, Urea 177 kg/ ha, TSP 62 kg/ ha and MP 63 kg/ ha) and four different mulching treatments viz., no mulch, rice straw, water hyacinth and black polythene mulch. Organic + inorganic fertilizer treatment gave maximum plant height (27.40 cm) and maximum number of leaves (24.6) per plant at 50 DAT during period of final harvesting. At the final harvest, the maximum fresh weight of leaves per plant (454.6 g), leaf area (411.5 cm²), gross yield (46.0 I t/ ha), marketable yield (45.46 t/ ha), percentage of dry matter content (11.24), percentage of fibre content (2.65) were recorded from organic + inorganic fertilizer treatment which was significantly superior to all other fertilizer treatments. Mulching treatments also showed a significant difference on plant height, number of leaf (at all dates of observation), leaf area, leaf yield per plant, percentage of fibre content, percentage of dry matter content, gross yield marketable yield per hectare at final harvest. The maximum values were in plants height (25.61 cm), numbers of leaves (22.77), fresh leave weight (424.96 g) per plant, leaf area (393.2 cm), gross yield (26.01 t/ ha) marketable yield (45.26 t/ ha), percentage of dry matter (11.29) and percentage of fibre content (2.66) at final harvest. Different levels of organic + inorganic fertilizer as well as mulching had also significant combined effects on different parameter studied. Maximum plant height (29.13 cm), number of leaves per plant (26.00), fresh weight of leaves per plant (496.20 g), gross yield of leaves (50.27 t/ ha) marketable yield (49.62 t/ ha), percentage of dry matter of leaves (12.25) and percentage of fibre content (3.1) at final harvest (at 50 OAT) were observed in the treatment combination of organic + inorganic fertilizer with black polythene mulch. The best performance was obtained from treatment combination of organic + inorganic fertilizer with black polythene mulch that was considered to be the best combination of fertilizer management and mulching for maximizing yield of lettuce.

Keywords: Organic manure, Inorganic fertilizer, Mulch, Lettuce

Location: Horticulture Farm SAU, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka

Start Date: 01-08-2004

End Date: 28-02-2005

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

1. To identify the proper dose of manure and fertilizer

2. To know the effect of mulching on growth and yield of lettuce production,

3. To know the combined effect fertilizer and manure with mulching.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm and Laboratories of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, during the period from October 2004 to February 2005 to study the effects of fertilizer management and mulching on the growth and yield of lettuce. Seed of lettuce cultivar, 'Green Wave' was used in the experiment and sown on 10^th October 2004. It is leafy and spreading type as well as heat tolerant in nature. The experiment consisted of two factors as Factor A: fertilizer management- Control (F₀), Organic manure (F₁_, Cowdung 23.14 t/ ha), Inorganic fertilizers (F₂, Urea 352 kg/ ha, TSP 180 kg/ha and MP 158 kg/ha), Organic manure + inorganic fertilizers (F₃, cowdung 11.5 t/ ha, Urea 177 kg/ ha, TSP 62 kg/ ha and MP 63 kg/ ha) and Factor B: Mulches (four levels)- Control (M₀), Rice straw (M₁), Dry Water hyacinth (M₂), Black polythene (M₃) were used. The two factors experiment was laid out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Lettuce seed were soaked in water for 48 hours and then seeds were mixed with soil and sown in seed bed. Thirty days old seedlings were transplanted on 10^thNovember 2004 in the afternoon. Harvest and data collection were done at 30 DAT, 40 DAT and finally at 50 DAT. The analysis of variance for most of the characters was accomplished by 'F' variance test. The significance of difference between pair of means was tested by the least significant difference (LSD) test at 5% and 1% level of probability (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: JOURNAL OF SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, Vol. 01 (1), July 2007, pp. 72-79.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded from the investigation that Maximum plant height (29.13 cm), number of leaves per plant (26.00), fresh weight of leaves per plant (496.20 g), gross yield of leaves (50.27 t/ ha) marketable yield (49.62 t/ ha), percentage of dry matter of leaves (12.25) and percentage of fibre content (3.1) at final harvest (at 50 DAT) were observed in the treatment combination of organic + inorganic fertilizer with black polythene mulch. The best perform ace was obtained from treatment combination of organic + inorganic fertilizer with black polythene mulch that was considered to be the best combination of fertilizer management and mulching for maximizing yield of lettuce. Fertilizer management and mulching affects growth, development and yield of lettuce. So, this experiment has undertaken to find out appropriate or optimum doses of fertilizer and effective mulch for exploiting the yield potential of this crop. In order to confirm the result of this study, further experiment is suggested since this experiment was conducted in one year and in a certain place only. Irrigation is a costly practices and mulching may be an alternative proposition for successful lettuce crop production. Lettuce is being grown in a very limited scale in Bangladesh, but a good deal of interest has been generated for raising this crop due to its demand in fast food shops. It is necessary to explore the possibilities of growing lettuce in order to raise the yield level.

Knowledge Management: Journal