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Variability and Correlations Among Some Yield Contributing Characters in Sunflower (helianthus Annus L.)

S.M. Mirza
Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

. Daulotun Nessa
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

M. Ahsan Ullah
Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Correlation and path analysis were done in 25 genotypes of sunflower for plant height, days to maturity, diameter of head,1000-seed weight, oil content, seeds per head and yield. Significant diffences were found in all the characters. Phenotypic coefficients of variation were higher then the corresponding phenotypic coefficients of variation in all the cases. The differences were narrow for plant height, days to maturity, 1000-seed weight and seeds per head. Thousand seed weight had the highest value of heritability associated with highest genetic advance. The genetic advance was low for days to maturity and oil content. Seed yield was significantly and positively associated with diameter of head, seeds per head and 1000-seed weight. Seeds per head and 1000-seed weight showed positive direct effects on yield. Among the yield components seeds per head and 1000-seed weight were found to be the most important components of yield, suggesting that the direct selection for these two characters would be effective for the improvement of yield of sunflower.

Keywords: Sunflower, Correlation, Path analysis

Location: Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity:

Objectives:

An attempt was therefore, made to find out the genetic variability and interrelationship of yield and yield contributing characters

Methodology:

The materials of the present study consisted of 25 genotypes of sunflower including check Kironi. The materials were collected from FAO through CDP. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur during rabi season of 1990-91. Unit plot size was 4 m X 3 m with a spacing of 50 cm X 25 cm between rows and plants respectively. Data on plant height, days to maturity, diameter of head, seeds per head, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant were recorded on each of 10 randomly selected plants from each plot. Oil content in seed was determined by soxhlet extraction apparatus. Analysis of variance was done using plot means for all the characters. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were estimated . Heritability in broad sense was estimated and genetic advance in percentage of mean was calculated. Correlation coefficients was calculated using variance and co-variance components . Direct and indirect effects were estimated through calculation of path coefficients analysis

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 22(2): 275-278,July, 1995, ISSN 0379-4296

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

High significant and positive genotypic correlations was found between seed yield with diameter of head (0.838), seeds per head (0.795) and 1000-seed weight (0.474). The other significant positive correlation responses were between seeds per head with days to maturity (0.428). diameter of head (0.545) and plant height and with 1000-seed weight (0.445). Significant negative correlations was found between seeds per head and 1000-seed weight (-0.500). The trend of association between plant height and number of seeds per head was negative, indicating taller plants would have less number of seeds per head and thus contribute less to the yield. In path-coefficient analysis sees per head and 1000-seed weight were found to have high positive direct effects on seed yield. The direct effect of diameter of head and plant height on yield was very low. It appears that seeds per head and 1000-seed weight are the major component traits for seed yield. These characters also had high positive correlation with seed yield at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Oil content had a negative and non-significant association with yield. In general its indirect contributions through other traits were negative except diameter of head. The residual effect was low (0.215), suggesting that almost all the yield contributing characters have been included in the path analysis. Based on the findings it might be concluded that for yield improvement in sunflower, more emphasis should be given to seeds per head and 1000-seed weight.

Knowledge Management: Journal