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Genetic Composition of Improved Rice Varieties in Bangladesh

M A Kabir
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

H C Sarker
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M A Salam
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M Hoque
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

N M Miah
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to find out the genetic diversity of 25 modern rice varieties and 8 promising lines developed by the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) since its inception in 1970. It is observed that 60% BRRI varieties were traced to the same maternal parent, 'Cina', implying that the components of their cytoplasm were similar. On the other hand, all BRRI varieties, except BR5, carried the same dwarfing gene from the dwarf Chinese variety, Dee-geo-woo-gen (DgWg). Similarly, all prospective BR lines had the 'DgWg' gene in their background and out of 8 promising lines 6 had 'Cina' as the ultimate female progenitor. During 1966 to 1990, BRRI utilized 18.4% local germplasm as parents in the varietal improvement programme with little success. It was also revealed that only 40 parents were utilized in their development and only four Bangladeshi local germplasms were utilized for this purpose and the rest are exotic in origin. Recommendations include avoiding the use of maternal derivatives of 'Cina ' as females in crosses, exploring and utilizing alternate sources of dwarfism other than DgWg, and accelerating the utilization of widely adaptive and useful local germ plasm in the cross-breeding programme of BRRI.

Keywords: Genetic composition, Improved rice varieties, Bangladesh

Location: Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To examine critically the genetic composition of released varieties developed at BRRT, their adaptation and suggest remedial measures for the future varietal development programme.

Methodology:

All the 25 released BRRI varieties and eight promising BR lines for different agroecological conditions were included in this study to find out the sources of semidwarf and ultimate progenitors (maternal cytoplasm). Besides, parentage of BRRI crosses made from 1966 to 1990 was cross-checked for the parentage of local germplasm utilized as parents in the varietal development programme.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J 5(1&2): 95-110, 1994, ISSN 1025-7330

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study suggests that breeders should try to broaden the genetic base of future released variety by incorporation of genes from the parents. They should try to avoid the use of maternal derivatives of 'Cina' as female parent and use alternate source of dwarf gene other than DgWg, and also study the compatibility of local germplasm with modern varieties/l ines and use better combiners in large number.

Knowledge Management: Journal