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Role of Morpho-physiological Characters on Yield in Rapeseed

Dr. M. A. Malek
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted during the period from November 2009 to February 2010 to investigate morpho-physiological characters and seed yield in three mustard mutants viz., MM 05, MM 25 and MM 98 along with a cultivar, BINAsarisa-4. Leaf area, LAI and AGR increased till 65 DAS followed by a decline due to leaf shedding at later growth stages whereas RGR increased till 35 DAS. The mutant MM 05 showed superiority in respect of TDM, LA, and growth parameters like LAI, AGR and RGR at most of the growth stages and also produced the highest seed yield whilst BINA sarisa-4 and MM 98 showed the inferiority in case of LA, LAI, AGR and RGR. Moreover, high yielding genotypes showed superiority in chlorophyll content in leaves, photosynthesis, total sugar content and nitrate reductase activity in leaves. The highest seed yield both plant^-1 and hectare^-1 was observed in MM 05 because of production of higher number of siliqua plant^-1, seeds siliqus^-1 and bolder seeds. In contrast, the lowest seed yield both plant^-1 and hectare^-1 was observed in MM 98 due to production of lowest number of siliqua plant^-1 and smaller seed size followed by BINA sarisa-4.

Keywords: Rapeseed, Morpho-physiological characters, Growth, Yield

Location: Field Laboratory, BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 10-11-2009

End Date: 17-02-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mustard,

Objectives:

To evaluate the growth and development of three elite mustard mutants compared to the existing variety, BINA sarisa-4; and to select better genotype in respect to growth, biochemical, reproductive, yield and yield components in mustard.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, during the period from 10 November 2009 to 17 February 2010. Three advanced mutants (MM 05, MM 25 and MM 98) and one variety (BINAsarisa-4) of mustard were used as treatment in the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The size of the unit plot was 4 m x 3 m. The doses of fertilizers were: urea 250, TSP 160, MP 80, gypsum 180 and borax 2.0 kg ha^-1. To study ontogenetic growth characteristics, a total of six harvests were made and at final harvest, data were collected on some morpho-physiological parameters, yield attributes and yield. The first crop sampling was done at 35 DAS and continued at an interval of 10 days up to 90 DAS. From each sampling, five plants were randomly selected from each plot and uprooted for collecting necessary parameters. The plants were separated into leaves, stems and roots and the corresponding dry weight were recorded after oven drying at 80 ± 2⁰C for 72 hours. The leaf area of each sample was measured by automatic leaf area meter. The growth analyses like AGR, RGR and NAR were carried out following the formulae of Hunt (1978). The biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll, photosynthesis, total sugar and nitrate reductase were recorded at 45-50 DAS. Before harvest the plots, 10 plants were randomly selected from each plot for collecting morphological, reproductive and yield contributing characters. The plots were harvested separately and converted into kg/ha. The collected data were analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 12 (1): 285-288 (2014)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

High yielding mutants have taller plant, have higher number of branches, higher LA as well as LAI, TDM, AGR and RGR which resulted higher number of pods plant^-1, seeds siliqua^-1 than the low yielding ones in rapeseed; and among the mutants/variety, MM 05 produced the highest seed yield which might be due to its morpho-physiological superiority than the others.

Knowledge Management: Journal