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Response of Mungbean to Irrigation

M. K. Hossain
Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE), Khamarbari, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh

M.S.U. Talukder
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. A. Sarkar
Agricultural Engineering Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh-2200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Farm, Mymensingh, during March to May 2006 with a view to study the response of mungbean to irrigation. Irrigation treatments were; I₀ (Control), I₁ (IW/ CPE ratio of 0.3 where irrigation was applied at 27 days after sowing), I₂ (IW/ CPE ratio of 0.5 where irrigation was applied at 42 days after sowing) and 13 (IW/ CPE ratios of 0.3 and 0.5 where irrigation were applied at 27 and 42 days after sowing). The mungbean varieties were Binamoog- 5 (V₁), Barimoog- 5 (V₂) and Binamoog- 2 (V₃₎, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a split- plot design with three replicates. Each replication was divided into 4 main- plots (12 m x 3 m) having equal space of 100 cm as buffer zone. Each main- plot was divided into 3 equal sub- plots (4 m x 3 m). The seeds were sown on 07 March 2006 and harvested thrice on 15, 22 and 30 May 2006. Texturally, the experimental soil was silt loam. Irrigation treatments were imposed in the main- plots and varieties were in the sub- plots at random. Recommended doses of urea, TSP and MP were applied at the time of final land preparation. Line to line and plant to plant distances were 30 cm and 10 cm, respectively. Weeding and other plant protection measures were taken as and when necessary. Soil samples were collected before sowing for physico - chemical analysis. At harvest, data were collected from 10 randomly selected plants from each plot and grain yield was recorded from the whole plot. Among the irrigation treatments, the highest yield (1468 kg ha^-1) was obtained in II and the lowest yield (931 kg ha^-1) was obtained in I₀ (Control). On the other hand, among the varieties, Binamoog- 5 showed better performance than the rest and produced the highest grain yield (1367 kg ha^-1). The lowest yield (995 kg ha^-1) was found in Binamoog- 2. Considering the interaction effect between irrigation and variety, the treatment combination V₁I₁ produced the highest grain yield (1641 kg ha^-1) and the lowest (745 kg ha^-1) was obtained in V₃I₀. The results also showed that the crop used the applied water effectively when IW / CPE ratio was 0.3.

Keywords: Mungbean, Yield, Irrigation

Location: BAU Farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 07-03-2006

End Date: 30-05-2006

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To study the response of mungbean to irrigation based on the ratio of irrigation water applied (IW) to cumulative pan evaporation (CPE), i.e. IW/ CPE.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Farm, Mymensingh, during 7 March to 30 May 2006 to study the response of mungbean to irrigation. The soil of the experimental site was silt loam having sand, silt and clay percentages of 25.44, 58.40 and 16.16, respectively with pH varying from 5.16 to 5.58. So, the reaction of the soil was slightly acidic. The soil texture was suitable for mungbean cultivation. Three varieties of mungbean, namely, Binamoog- 5, Barimoog- 5 and Binamoog- 2 (thereby referred to as V₁,V₂ and V₃, respectively) were collected from BINA and BARI, respectively for experiment. These varieties are very popular due to their high yielding potentials and stress tolerant characteristics. They are also resistant to most insect and diseases. Recommended doses of Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), Muriate of Potash (MP) and nitrogen in the form of Urea were applied at the rate of 100 kg ha^-1, 58 kg ha^-1 and 45 kg ha^-1, respectively. The experimental plot was laid out on 05 March 2006 following Split-Plot Design with three replications. Each replication was divided into 3 equal sub- plots. Irrigation treatments were given in the main plots and varieties of mungbean were in the sub- plots. Irrigation water was applied based on IW / CPE ratio (IW = Irrigation water applied, and CPE = Cumulative pan evaporation, measured from USWB class- A open pan evaporation minus rainfall since previous irrigation). The different irrigation treatments were (a) I₀ = IW/ CPE ratio of 0.0 i.e. no irrigation (control), (b) I₁ = IW / CPE ratio of 0.3 [Irrigation applied at 27 days after sowing (DAS)], (c) l₂ = IW/ CPE ratio of 0.5 [Irrigation applied at 42 days after sowing (DAS)] and (d) I₃ = IW/ CPE ratios of 0.3 and 0.5 [Irrigation applied at 27 and 42 days after sowing (DAS)]. The seeds of mungbean were sown on 07 March 2006 at a depth of 5 cm by dropping manually 2 to 3 seeds per hill. Line to line and plant to plant distances were 30 cm and 10 cm, respectively. Soil moisture of the experimental plots was measured by gravimetric method and soil was collected from depths at 15 and 30 cm depths by means of an auger before the time of sowing. The controlled and measured irrigation was applied; drainage and deep percolation were ignored in this experiment. 'Water Productivity (WP)' is the ratio of crop yield to the amount of water depleted by the crop in the process of evapotranspiration. In other words, water Productivity (WP) is the yield per unit area of land per unit depth of water used by the crop and is expressed as kg ha^-1 mm^-1. The data collected were soil moisture at sowing and at harvest, and amount of irrigation applied. Meteorological data viz. pan evaporation; maximum and minimum temperatures, rainfall, sunshine hour and humidity were also collected. After a certain days after sowing (DAS), ten plants were randomly selected from each plot and tagged to collect necessary data.

Source of Information: JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, THE INSTITUTIONAL OF ENGINEERS, BANGLADESH, Vol. 32 (A), December 2006, pp. 113-119, ISSN 0379–4318.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

(i) The yield and yield contributing characters of three mungbean varieties were significantly influenced due to the application of water based on IW/ CPE ratio at different growth stages. (ii) At vegetative stage treatment I₁(IW/ CPE ratio of 0.3 at 27 DAS) produced the highest grain yield (1468 kg ha^-1) while the lowest (931 kg ha^-1), was obtained in treatment I₀ (control). (iii) The individual yield performance of the three mungbean varieties revealed that Binamoog- 5 produced the highest yield of 1367 kg ha^-1 and Binamoog- 2 produced the lowest yield of 995 kg ha^-1 . (iv) Due to interaction effect of irrigation and varieties, the grain yield significantly varied. The highest grain yields (1641 kg ha^-1, 1520 kg ha^-1 and 1243 kg ha^-1) were obtained in V₁I₁, V₂I₁and V₃I₁ treatment combinations for Binamoog- 5, Barimoog- 5 and Binamoog- 2, respectively. (v) The irrigation water used in treatments I₁, 1₂ and I₃ was 3.55, 5.45 and 3.55 cm, respectively. (vi) Total grain yield of the three mungbean varieties increased with the proper application of irrigation water.

Knowledge Management: Journal