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Variation in Morpho-physiological Characters and Yield Components of Modern Summer Mungbean Varieties

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twelve modern summer mungbean cultivars were evaluated to assess morpho-physiological characters, yield attributes and seed yield. Results revealed that high yielding cultivars, in general, showed superiority in morpho-physiological characters (leaf area, total dry mass production and absolute growth rate) and seed yield/plant than the low yielding cultivars. Similarly, high yielding cultivars produced higher number of pods/plant resulting higher seed yield/plant but showed inferiority in harvest index (HI) as compared to low yielding ones. However, in case of unit area basis, result revealed that seed yield/ha was greater in low yielding cultivars (BARImung-5, BARImung-6, BINAmung-5 and BINAmung-6) than the high yielding ones (BARImung-2, BINAmung-2 and BINAmung-7) yet they produced lower seed yield/plant compared to high yielding ones due to increase number of plants per unit area and these low yielding cultivars also matured 10-15 days earlier than high yielders. Among the cultivars, BINAmung-5 produced the highest seed yield/ha (1758 kg/ha) with lower HI (20.0%) and took longer days to maturity (69 day). On the other hand, BARImung-6 showed second highest seed yield (1707 kg/ha) with highest HI (32.6%) and matured earliest, took 60 days after sowing that might be fit the existing cropping pattern in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Mungbean, Growth, Reproductive characters, Yield components, Yield

Location: Experimental field of BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 24-02-2009

End Date: 26-05-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

The research work has been designed to study morpho-physiological parameters and yield attributes responsible for higher seed yield in twelve summer mungbean varieties to select best one for countrywide cultivation.

Methodology:

Six field experiments were performed at different agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh such as Mymensingh, Magura, Chuadanga, Pabna, Natore and Rangpur districts in Kharif-I (February-May) season of 2009. Released twelve mungbean varieties were used as planting material. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was followed. A unit plot size of 3 m x 3 m with plant spacing of 30 cm × 10 cm or 25 cm × 10 cm (depending on variety) was used at all the locations. Recommended intercultural practices such as fertilization, weeding, thinning and application of pesticides were followed for proper growth and development of the plants in both years.

The morpho-physiological parameters, yield components and seed yield plant^-1 were recorded at Mymensingh and seed yield/plot data were recorded at all locations and converted into tons/ha. To study ontogenetic growth characteristics, a total of five harvests were made. The first crop sampling was done at 25 DAS and continued at an interval of ten days up to 65 DAS i.e. till attaining physiological maturity of some varieties. From each sampling, five plants were randomly selected from each plot and uprooted for collecting necessary parameters. The plants were separated into roots, stems, leaves and pods, and the corresponding dry weight were recorded after oven drying at 80 ± 2⁰C for 72 hours. The growth analysis like absolute growth rate was carried out following the formulae of Hunt (1978). The yield contributing characters were recorded at harvest from ten competitive plants of each plot. The seed yield was recorded from five rows of each plot (1.50 m × 3.0 m) and converted into seed yield/hectare. The collected data were analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 44 (2): Accepted (2015)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

High yielding cultivars have higher leaf area as well as TDM and AGR which resulted higher number of pods/plant than the low yielders in mungbean. Though low yielding cultivars showed lower yield/plant but produced higher seed yield per hectare due to accommodation of increase plants per unit area for low canopy structure and also matured 10-15 days earlier compared to high yielding ones. Among the cultivars, BINAmung-5 produced the highest seed yield/ha (1758 kg/ha) with lower HI (20.0%) and took longer days to maturity (69 day). On the other hand, BARImung-6 showed second highest seed yield (1707 kg/ha) with highest HI (32.6%) and matured earliest, took 60 days after sowing that might be fit the existing cropping pattern in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal