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Role of Morpho-physiological Attributes on Yield in Tomato Mutants

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, during the period from November to April in two consecutive years 2010-11 and 2011-12 to investigate some morphological, growth, reproductive characters, yield attributes and fruit yield in ten tomato mutants/varieties. They were Binatomato-4, Binatomato-5, TM-113, TM-127, TM-128, TM-131, TM-132, TM-133, TM-134 and TM-160. Significant differences in respect of morphological characters, growth characters, biochemical parameters, reproductive characters, yield attributes and fruit yield was observed amongst the mutants/varieties. In general, high yielding genotypes showed superior performance in leaf area, total dry mass production, absolute growth rate, nitrate reductase activity and total sugar content in leaves, number of flower cluster and flowers plant^-1 which resulted higher number of fruits plant^-1 compared to low yielding ones. Chlorophyll and reproductive efficiency had no relation with fruit yield. Fruit yield had highly significant positive correlation with leaf area, total dry mass, absolute growth rate, number of flower clusters and fruits plant^-1. On the other hand, fruit size had significant negative association with fruit number. This result indicates that the improvement of fruit number plant^-1 could be achieved by selecting increased number of effective flower cluster plant^-1.

Keywords: Morphology, Reproductive characters, Biochemical parameters, Correlation, Tomato

Location: Experimental field of BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 13-11-2010

End Date: 27-04-2012

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

The current research was designed to investigate variations in some growth, biochemical parameters, reproductive characters, and yield attributes for selection of important sources and sinks based on correlation in 12 elite tomato mutants.

Methodology:

Field experiments were conducted at the experimental field of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during winter (November-April) in two consecutive years 2010-11 and 2011-12. Ten elite tomato mutants were undertaken in this study. They were Binatomato-4, Binatomato-5, TM-113, TM-127, TM-128, TM-131, TM-132, TM-133, TM-134 and TM-160. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The unit plot size was 4.0 m × 3.5 m with plant spacing of 50 cm × 50 cm. Recommended cultural practices were followed for normal plant growth and development. Urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP), gypsum and cowdung were applied at the rate of 280, 250, 180, 80 and 10000 kg ha^-1, respectively (BARC, 2005). To study growth characteristics, a total of two harvests were made. The first and second crop sampling was done at 40 and 60 DAT. From each sampling, five plants were randomly selected from each plot and uprooted for collecting necessary parameters. The plants were separated into roots, stems, leaves and fruits, and the corresponding dry weight were recorded after oven drying at 80 ± 2 ⁰C for 72 hours. The leaf area was measured by automatic leaf area meter (Model: LICOR 3000, USA) at 80 DAT, just before starting of harvesting fruits. The growth analysis like absolute growth rate (AGR) and relative growth rate was carried out following the formula of Hunt (1978). All biochemical parameters were recorded at 50-60 DAT, the fruiting stage. At harvest, ten plants from each plot were selected randomly for data recording on morpho-physiological, reproductive, yield and yield related traits. Fruit yield was collected from each plot and converted into tonnes per hectare. Harvesting was done at different dates depending on fruit ripening. The collected data were analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Agriculturist, 5 (2): 238-244

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Fruit yield had highly significant positive correlation with leaf area, total dry mass, absolute growth rate, number of flower clusters and fruits plant^-1 but had no significant relation with reproductive efficiency. On the other hand, fruit size had significant negative association with fruit number. This result indicates that the improvement of fruit number plant^-1 could be achieved by selecting increased number of effective flower cluster plant^-1 and increase flower cluster depends on source size, leaf area and branch number.

Knowledge Management: Journal