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Effect of Water Stress on Biochemical Parameters of Some Wheat Varieties

B. L. D. Chowdhury
Department of Biochemistry. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Myrnensingh, Bangladesh

M. J. H. Bhuiyan
Department of Biochemistry. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Myrnensingh, Bangladesh

M. Anowar Hossain
Department of Biochemistry. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Myrnensingh, Bangladesh

P.K. Mondal
Department of Biochemistry. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Myrnensingh, Bangladesh

M. A. Hossain
Department of Biochemistry. Bangladesh Agricultural University, Myrnensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Quantitative variation of some metabolites in two drought tolerant and two susceptible wheat varieties were monitored under drought condition in order to explore the feasibility of using the data as tools for screening drought variety. The experiment was conducted in pot soils by adding restricted amount of water to simulate a drought condition. In control plant, optimum water was added at regular intervals. Leaves at tillering stage were collected, freeze-dried and subjected to analysis for total sugar. reducing sugar, phenol and free proline. L-Ascorbic acid content was determined from fresh leaves. Mature grains were also analyzed for total sugar, reducing sugar and phenol contents. The leaf content of L-ascorbic acid and total phenol decreased but other constituents like total sugar, reducing sugar and proline increased in both drought tolerant and drought susceptible varieties due to water stress. Again. the grain content of total sugar, reducing sugar and total phenol increased in both the varieties. Drought induced remarkable increase in grain content of total sugar and total phenol in tolerant varieties compared with that of the susceptible. In the susceptible varieties the leaf content of reducing sugar is much more pronounced than those of the tolerant varieties. On the contrary, in the tolerant varieties the leaf content of L-ascorbic acid decreased higher than those of the susceptible varieties due to water stress. From the present investigation it is noticeable that the total sugar and total phenol contents of grain and reducing sugar and L-ascorbic acid contents of wheat leaf may be determined to ascertain the drought tolerant and drought susceptible varieties.

Keywords: Drought, Water stress, Biochemical constituents

Location: Biochemistry Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 07-12-2003

End Date: 14-03-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To study the effect of drought on variation of L-ascorbic acid, total sugar, reducing sugar, phenol and proline content in wheat leaves and accumulation of total sugar, reducing sugar and phenol in wheat grain.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out with 20 plastic pots having the diameter 50 cm and 30 cm depth at the roof of Biochemistry Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh on 7^th December' 2003 and continued till 14^th March' 2004. Each pot was cleaned well and filled with 9 kg soil free from clods, weeds or stubbles.The experimental crops included 4 wheat varieties, which were collected from the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BAU, Mymensingh. The tolerant varieties used were Sourav and Gourav and the susceptible varieties were Kanchan and Pravati Two factors (irrigation and variety) were included in the experiment and the treatments were designated as follows: A. Irrigation: i. Control or Irrigated (II), ii. Water stress or Not irrigated (0) B. Variety: i. Sourav, ii. Gourav, iii. Kanchan, iv. Pravati. Each treatment was replicated thrice for all observation. Pot preparation and other intercultural operations like fertilizer application, transplanting, uprooting, gap filling, harvesting, drying, threshing and weighing were performed as needed. Each pot contained 9 kg sundry soil. The basal dose of urea was applied in three installments. Before filling up the pots, the sun-dried soils were thoroughly mixed with one third urea (0.088g), total amount of TSP (0.18g) and MP (0.13g). The rest of two-thirds of urea were top dressed in equal splits at 30 and 45 days, respectively after seed sowing. At the booting stage, 1^stand 2^nd leaves descending from the flag leaf were collected from each plant of the individual pot for composite sampling. Immediately after collection, the leaf samples were partially macerated in cold condition and freeze-dried. Freeze-dried leaf samples were subjected to analysis for total sugar, reducing sugar, phenol and proline. L- ascorbic acid was determined from fresh leaf immediately after collection. Grains were dried in oven at 50°C for 1 hour, powdered in a microgrinder and stored in refrigerator for analysis. The grain powder was analyzed for total sugar, reducing sugar and phenol. L-ascorbic acid was extracted with 6% metaphosphoric acid from the wheat leaf and was estimated by titrimetric method. Total sugar contents were determined by the anthrone method.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Environmental Science. Vol. 13, No.1, pp: 97-100, 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of the above discussion it may be concluded that the total sugar and total phenol contents of grain and reducing sugar and L-ascorbic acid contents of leaf of wheat may be determined to ascertain the drought-tolerant and drought susceptible varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal