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Changes in Spatial Patterns of Land and Soil Resources at Mithamoin Upazila Under Sylhet Basin of Bangladesh

M. Shahid Ullah
Department of Soil, Water & Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

M. J. Uddin
Associate Professor
Department of Soil, Water & Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Dr. S. F. Elahi
Professor
Department of Soil, Water & Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Satellite image processing provides a great advantage within a short time to identify the change detection of land and soil properties. A study was conducted in the flood prone Mithamoin Upazila of Bangladesh to investigate the changing behaviour of geographic features. Analyzing the time series data/images investigation, it was revealed that sedimentation have taken place in some patches of low lying areas where grazing land has also emerged. Dark grey soils were found in topographic depression areas of the floodplain. Poor drainage conditions and heavy textural classes influenced the nature of vegetation. The settlements areas have been increased over a period of time.

Keywords: Spatial patterns, Sedimentation, Spectral value

Location: Mithamoin Upazila, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land degradation

Objectives:

An opportunity in enabling the identification of changes in land and soil conditions from the spectral responses of sediments.

Methodology:

The study area (Parts of Mithamoin Upazila) belongs to the agroecological zones of Sylhet basin areas. The Kalni river passes through this Upazila. The study sites belong to the junction of Brahmaputra, Surma and Kushiyara rivers. The soils are seasonally flooded, poorly drained developed on medium to fine textured Surma-Kushiyara alluvium with grey to olive or dark grey colour. The cropping pattern previously was fallow-broadcast aman and at present boro-fallow/boro-deep transplanted aman-grazing grass. 3 Landsat data and aerial photographs are the tools for delineating soil characteristic boundaries. For easy and accurate classification of soil characteristics, aerial photograph and satellite images in visible spectrum were used. Aerial photograph of December-January, 1999 - 2000 at a scale of 1 : 25,000 and Landsat TM and MSS images of 3rd January, 2003 of Mithamoin Upazila of Kishoreganj District were used. Some physical features of soil are well detectable in visible ranges of spectrum, in the panchromatic black and white aerial photographs. Accordingly some characteristics have been identified in the study area. Demarcation of soil parent materials was visually interpreted from the Landsat imagery. Landsat imagery was used to stratify the pilot area and classify spectral responses representing various soils within unique parent material areas. Correlation of spectral responses with soil characteristics was accomplished by comparing the spectral maps of 1984 and 2003 with conventionally prepared maps for the area under investigation. Band selection was done by using the Thematic Mapper (TM) and MSS spectral bands. Correlation of the spectral responses with soil characteristics such as surface, color, surface texture, soil drainage, organic matter content have been used as drawn. On the other hand, mapping has been carried out on aerial photographic image which is then overlaid on the spectral maps, thus allowing easy delineation of soil characteristic map which greatly enhances the efficiency of producing a higher quality of soil survey maps.

Source of Information: Dhaka Univ. J. Bioi. Sci. 15(2): 105-111, 2006 (July), ISSN 1021-2484

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Change detection images provide information about seasonal and other spatial changes. The results showed that soil types can be successfully mapped from the aerial photographs, the same thing can be done using satellite images. The optimum and appropriate use of land and soil resources are possible by means of appropriate measures if soil and land characteristics can be easily identified using remote sensing technology.

Knowledge Management: Journal