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Light Distribution and Rice Productivity Under Different Row Orientations of Rice

M. S. Hossen
Department of environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. M. Rahman
Department of environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

B. S. Nahar
Center for Environmental Studies, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M. A. Baten
Department of environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to evaluate interception of light (photosynthetically active radiation) and productivity of transplanted aman rice under different row orientations at the field or Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh (24" 27" N, 90" 50" E, elevation 18 m) during the period from July to November 2006. North-South and East-West orientations were considered as treatments. With the increase in canopy structure and leaf area index, penetration of light decreased day by day in both the orientations, whereas interception of light Increased. The interception of photosynthetically active radiation was always higher in East-West row orientation than that of North-South row orientation. Penetration of photosynthetically active radiation showed the maximum value in the North-South row orientation. Plant height, leaf area index, total dry matter and harvest index attained maximum value in the case of East-West row orientation than that of North-South row. East-West row orientation also increased the yield per hectare than that of North-South row orientation due to higher utilization of photosynthetically active radiation in this latitude.

Keywords: Light distribution, Productivity, Row orientation, Rice

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2006

End Date: 00-11-2006

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

i) To evaluate the effect of N-S and E-W row orientations of T. aman rice on light distribution;

ii)To identify the suitable row orientation for better yield/production of T. aman rice through the higher utilization of light distribution by the canopy structure.

Methodology:

Field experiment was conducted in 2006 at the Environmental Field Laboratory (24" 27" N, 90" 50" E, elevation 18 m) of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The soil was of non-calcareous in nature and belongs to silty loam textured soil. Three seedlings of rice cultivar "BRRI dhan-32" was transplanted in each hill on 29^th July, 2006 maintaining a spacing of 16 cm x 25 cm in both E-W and N-S row orientations of 100 m² field. The field was incorporated with the following manure and fertilizers: Cow dung, Urea, TSP, MP, Gypsum and Zinc Sulphate at the rate of 20 tons, 175 kg, 100 kg, 70 kg, 60 kg, and 10 kg per hectare, respectfully. The whole amount of TSP, MP, Gypsum, zinc sulphate and 1/3^rd of urea were applied as basal dose at the time of final land preparation. Cowdung was applied 15 days ahead of final lane preparation. The rest 2/3 of urea was top dressed in 30 and 50 days after sowing (DAS) respectively. All other standard cultural practices of rice cultivation were applied. Plant height, leaf area index and plant dry weight were determined. All the samplings were done at 7 to 10 days intervals starting from about five weeks after transplanting. The plants were separated into leaves, shoot and root. The leaf area was electronically measured using an automatic leaf area meter (LI-COR Square centimeters. LI 3100 are, meter, USA). The leaf area index (LAI) was determined as leaf areal unit land area. Global, penetrated and reflected light were measured by quantum sensor (Sky, instruments, SKP, 22000, made in Wales. The displayed values were multiplied by ten to get actual value.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Environmental Science. Vol. 13, No.1, pp: 133-138, 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Stand geometry (row orientation) significantly influenced PAR penetration and interception. Interception of light increased in both orientations with the increase of canopy structure. PAR penetration was higher in North-South (N-S) orientation than that in East-West (E-W) orientation for all the days as solar radiation penetration varied depending on the sun elevation and azimuth angle. PAR interception was gradually increased and contributed the higher amount of intercepted from vegetative to pre-flowering stage and it was higher in East-West (E-W) row orientation than that of North-South (N-S). After flowering PAR interception decreased slightly due to very poor development of new leaf, leaf rolling and leaf senescence. East-West (E-W) row orientation performed better yield per hectare than that of North-South (N-S) row orientation. East-West (E-W) row orientation also performed higher harvest index (HI) 49% than that North-South (N-S) 47% orientation. With respect to latitude of Bangladesh in summer season T. aman showed better production in E- W row orientation.

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