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Efficiency Study of Power Tiller and Country Plough and Their Impact on Soil Fertility and Yield of Wheat

M.S.U. Talukder
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

S.M. Shirazi
Project Consultant, Farming Systems and Environmental Studies, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A. Kashem
Project Consultant, Farming Systems and Environmental Studies, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A.B.M.M. Alam
Project Consultant, Farming Systems and Environmental Studies, Bangladesh Agricultural University. Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Kazirshimla FSES site under Trishal thana of Mymensingh district from 17 December 1994 to 7 April 1995. The study was conducted to find out the effects of different tillage practices on soil fertility and yield of wheat in non-calcareous dark gray floodplain soil belonging to Sonatala series. Four types of tillage implements viz , power tiller, improved plough-I, Improved plough-II and country plough were used for land preparation. The experiment was replicated in five farmers' plots each of 8m x 5m size. The recommended doses of NPK fertilizers @60- 60-40 Kg/ha were used along with insecticides and weeding. Wheat (cv Kanchan) was grown under rainfed condition. Soil samples during land preparation and at harvest were analyzed. It was found that texturally, the soil was silty loam. Soil pH, electrical -conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and sulphur did not differ during land preparation due to different tillage operations while electrical conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium decreased at harvest. The highest field capacity 10.04 ha/hour) was found with power tiller while the highest wheat grain 3138 kg/ha) was found with improved plouqh-Il. The lowest grain yield (2938 kg/ha) and field capacity (0.02 ha/hour) were found with country plough.

Keywords: Tillage implements, Efficiency, Soil fertility, Yield, Wheat

Location: Kazirshimla, Mymensingh

Start Date: 17-12-1994

End Date: 07-04-1995

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Wheat, Power Tiller

Objectives:

To find out the effects of different tillage practices on soil fertility and yield of wheat.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Kazirshimla site to study the performance of different tillage implements, their impact on soil fertility and crop yield. Five farmer's plots were selected for experiment purpose. Each plot was divided into four equal sub-plots were following Randomized Block Design. There were in total 20 treatments measuring 8mx5m each. The land was ploughed by different tillage implements on 10 December and ploughed again on 17 December, 1994. The soil samples at 15 cm depth from each sub-plot were collected with a soil augur during land preparation and at harvest for physico-chemical analysis. The land was prepared for sowing following ploughing twice by power tiller, ploughing trice by improved plough (I & II) and country plough. During each tillage operation the depth of cut and time of ploughing were recorded for all the treatments and the field was levelled with a ladder. Fertilizers, N, P and K were applied at the rate of 60, 60 and 40 kg/ha in the form of Urea, Triple Surer Phosphate (TSP) and Muriate of Potash (MP), respectively. Entire quantity of TSP, MP and one-third of Urea were applied at the time of land preparation and the rest two-third of Urea was top dressed in two equal splits viz. at maximum tillering and before panicle initiation stage. Kanchan variety of wheat was used as a test crop for all the treatments. It is a high yielding variety (HYV) and is suitable for cultivation under climatic condition of the study area. Seeds were broadcasted in the experimental field on 17 December, 1994 and crops were harvested on 7 April, 1995. Intercultural operations, such as weeding, was done and insecticides were applied as and when necessary to keep the crops free from weeds and to protect from various diseases, respectively. Five hills were randomly selected from each sub-plot. Data on panicles/hill, panicle length, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight were recorded along with grain and straw yield at final harvest and were statistically analyzed.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 24(2): 121-126, July, 1997, ISSN 0379-4296

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The fields were in good tilth condition with power tiller after two tilling, whereas, three tilling were needed to make the soil tilth to the same degree by Improved ploughs (I & III and country plough. The highest field capacity (0.04 ha/hr) was found with power tiller and the lowest (0.02 ha/hr) with the rest of the ploughs used.The highest grain yield (3138 Kg/ha) was found with Improved plough-II due to increased 1000-grain weight and lowest yield (2938 Kg/ha) with country plough.

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