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Effect of Temperature on Photosynthesis, Yield Attributes and Yield of Aromatic Rice Genotypes

Dr. Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer and Head
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Keywords: High temperature, Booting and grain filling stages, Photosynthesis, yield, Aromatic rice

Location: BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 14-08-2010

End Date: 31-12-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to assess the effects of high temperature at different growth stages on photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll stability and grain growth to find out a variety that can produce better yield under elevated temperature.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted with five aromatic rice genotypes viz., BRRIdhan34, Ukunimadhu, RM-100/16, KD₅ 18-150 and Kalozira in plant growth chamber to see their temperature tolerance. Three temperature treatments viz., Ambient, 34^oC at booting stage and 34^oC at grain filling stage were imposed and continued for 7 days. The soil for the experiment was collected from the BINA campus. The soil was silt loam, organic matter 1.05%, total N 0.07%, available P 14.3 ppm, exchangeable K 0.25 meq.per 100g soil, available S 13.2 and soil pH 6.67. Each pot contained 8 kg of soils. Soils were fertilized with urea 1.36 g/pot, TSP 0.80 g/pot, MP 0.52 g/pot corresponding to urea 170 kg/ha, TSP 135 kg/ha and MP 65 kg/ha, respectively. On 14 August, 2010, 30 days old seedlings were transplanted in the puddle pots. One seedling per hill was transplanted in a pot. The experiment was laid out on randomized complete design where each treatment was replicated 3 times. Plants of all the genotypes were also kept at 30^oC from flowering to maturity for grain growth studies. Ten grains were harvested from selected panicles of three plants of each treatment at 3 days’ interval. Dry weights of those grains were recorded. Photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and leaf conductance were measured using Portable Photosynthetic system (Model: Li-6400XT) and chlorophyll content of flag leaves were measured using SPAD meter (Model: SPAD 502). Grain dry weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD reading) and photosynthetic rate of flag leaves were measured at 3 days’ internal from fertilization to maturity. The morphological, physiological and yield attributes were recorded. The collected data were analyzed statistically following two factor experimental design of CDR by MSTAT computer packages (Freed 1992). The mean differences among the treatments were calculated with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test and t-test.

Source of Information: Int. J. Sustain. Crop Prod. 6(1), 16-18 (April 2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Photosynthetic rate, grain yield and harvest index decreased but leaf conductance and transpiration rate increased with high temperature (34^oC) at both booting and grain filling stages. Total dry matter/plant was the lowest with the temperature (34^oC) at booting stage. Plant height and number of panicles/plant were not affected by the temperature treatments. KD₅ 18-150 showed higher grain yield, total dry matter/plant and harvest index under temperature stress.

Knowledge Management: Journal