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Effect of Planting Depth, Sett Size and Cultivar on the Yield and Yield Components of Sugarcane

M.N. Uddin
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Eunus
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.J.U. Chowdhury
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The cultivar ISO 2/54 produced significantly higher number of tillers per clump, millable cane, calculated commercial sugar (CCS). cane height. bud germination and cane y ield over the cv. ISO 5/ 56 . Maximum cane yield (50.48 t/h) was obtained from the thicker setts (2.50-3.00 cm of diameter). Depth of planting showed significantly different effects on all characters except cane diameter and brix . The highest yield (5 1.26 t/ha was obtained in 31 cm depth of planting. Interaction effects of cultivar x sett size x depth of planting also showed significantly different effects on cane yield, millable cane, bud germination, cane height and tillers per clump and the highest cane yield (78.17 t/ha was obtained due to ISO 2/54 x (2.50-3.00 cm of diameter) x 31 .00 cm planting depth.

Keywords: Planting Depth, Cultivar, Sugarcane

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-02-1988

End Date: 00-12-1988

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of different depths of planting, sizes of setts (different diameter) at planting of two cultivars on the growth, sugar content and yield of sugarcane.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from February through December, 1988 on a sandy loam soil to evaluate the effect of depths of planting and different sizes of sets of two cultivars on the yield and yield contributing characters of sugarcane. Two cultivars (i) ISO 2/54 and (ii) ISO 5/ 55; two sizes of setts (i) thick (2.50 cm to 3.00 cm diameter) and (ii) thin ( 1.10 cm to 2.40 cm diameter) and four planting depths of (i) 15 cm (ii) 23 cm (iii) 31 cm and (iv) 39 cm were used as the experimental treatments. The land was prepared uniformly to a good tilth condition and was dressed with 20 t/h of cowdung and 85-65-35 kg/h of N-P-K in the form of urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash respectively.The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with 3 replications. The cultivars, sizes of setts and the depths of planting were assigned in the main-plot, sub-plot and unit-plot respectively. The size of each unit-plot was 20 m². Five trenches with 30 cm width were prepared in each unit-plot maintaining a distance of 90 cm in between tbe centre of the two trenches. Sub-soiling of 8 cm was done in each trench. The disease free cane setts having three buds were selected and two cut ends were treated with coal tar to protect insect and disease infestation. Twenty setts were planted following end to end method in each trench. A light irrigation was given just after plantation to enhance germination. The bud germination was counted at an interval of 10 days in each plot up to 40 days. The germination of buds was expressed in percentage. lntercultural operations like weeding, mulching and irrigation were done as and when necessary. To protect the crop from the insect infestation, "Diazinon 60E" and "Dimecron 100 EC" at the concentration of 0.12% and 0.06 % respectively, were sprayed at an interval of 15 days from March through August. The crop was infected with red-rot disease and the infected canes were removed from the field to check the contamination of the other canes. Tying and trashing were done in September to protect the standing crop from the wild animals and lodging. The clump were sampled randomly from each plot to count the number of tillers and ten canes were selected randomly from each of those clumps to record cane height, cane diameter and for extraction of juice to determine the brix and sucrose percent (pol) . The brix was estimated with the brix hydrometer and the sucrose (pol) was determined with the polarimeter. Calculated Commercial Sugar (CCS) per cent of the net recovery per cent of sugar in the canes were obtained from each unit plot using standard equation. The collected data were analyzed Statistically and the mean differences were adjudged by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 22(1): 149- 154, January, 1995

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The maximum yield of cane (78.17 t/h) was obtained by cv. ISO 2/54 x thicker setts x 31 cm of planting depths. This might be due to the maximum number of millable cane per unit area. lt was also observed that the yield was higher in cv. ISO 2/ 54 and a gradual decreasing trend of yield was observed with the thinner sett size and deviation from a certain range of depth of planting (23 - 31 cm). The lowest yield was obtained due to ISO 5/55 x 1.10-2.40 cm thick x 23 cm depth of planting.

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