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Effects of Crotalaria and Sesbania Aculeata Green Manures and N Fertilizer on Soil Fertility and the Productivity of Sugarcane

S. M. Bokhtiar
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M. A. Gafur
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh.

A. B. M. M. Rahman
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effects of green manuring with dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) and sunhemp (Crotalariajuncea) in combination with four levels of urea-N (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg N/ha) on the productivity of a sub- sequent sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) crop and the fertility of the soil were examined. C. juncea contributed more nitrogen to the soils when ploughed down than S. aculeata (56.7 v. 40.0 kg N/ha). The green manures and the supplemented urea-N increased cane yield by 2 to 26 % and 26 to 57 %, respectively. The organic matter, total N, available P and S of the soil was only slightly increased by the incorporation of green manures.

Keywords: Sugarcane, Soil Fertility, Soil, Organic Fertilizer, Green Manures, Nigrogen fertilizer,

Location: Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute farm at Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1998

End Date: 00-00-2000

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Sugarcane, Manures

Objectives:

To assess the effectiveness of two types of green manure crops as substitutes for fertilizer N for a subsequent cane crop and their implications for yield and soil fertility.

Methodology:

The field experiments were conducted in two consecutive cropping seasons of 1998-99 and 1999-2000 in Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute farm at Ishurdi on the High Ganges River floodplain soils of Bangladesh (Typic-Eutrocrept). The soil under ex- periment was calcareous with pH 7.7, low in organic matter and deficient in total N. Factorial cornbinations of four rates of urea-N (0, 75, 150, 225 kg/ha) applied to the sugarcane with three preceding green manuring treatments (none, C. juncea or S. aculeata) were tested in a randomized complete block design with four replicate blocks. The green manure crops were sown at the rate of 250 g seed/plot in the summer season (mid May) and ploughed down 50 days after sowing. No fertilizers were applied to the green manure crops. Before transplanting the sugarcane, soil sam- ples (0-15 ern) were collected from each plot for soil nutrient analysis, both initially and at 90 days after incorporation of green manures. Soil pH was measured in a I: 2-5 soil: distilled water suspension by glass electrode pH meter. Total N for soil and green manure crops was determined by macro KjeldahI procedure and organic C by the Walkley and Black wet oxidation method. Available soil P was extracted with 0'5 M NaHCO₃ and measured by spectrophotometry. Exchangeable K (NH₄0Ac- extractable) was determined by flame photometry and available S by turbidimetric method. The fresh weight and height of the green manure crops were measured at 45 days after seed sowing. Thirty-day-old single-bud sugarcane sets (variety Isd 20) raised in small polythene bags were trans- planted in December each year and harvested 13 months later. Each sugarcane plot was 8 m x 1.5 m and received a basal dressing of 50 kg P/ha, 80 kg K/ ha, 20 kg S/ha and 3 kg Zn/hain the form of triple superphosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP), gyp- sum and zinc sulphate, respectively. The N treatments were applied in two equal split doses, the first after establishment of sets at 20 days after plantation (DAP) and the second at tiller completion stage (l40DAP). Half of the potash was applied as a basal dose at planting and the rest was applied with the second top dressing of N fertilizer. Standard cultural practices of' weeding, mulching, earthling-up, typing, disease and insect control were used. The data obtained were analysed by analysis of variance.

Source of Information: Journal of Agricultural Science (2003), 140, 305-309.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results in the present study revealed that organic matter, total N, available N and S were built up in treatments where green manure was incorporated at 45 days after emergence.

Knowledge Management: Journal