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Determination of Site Specific Fertilizer Requirement of Sugarcane and Intercrops in Sugarcane-based Cropping Systems

S. M. Bokhtiar
Soils and Plant Nutrition Division, Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. L. Kabir
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. J. Alarn
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. M. Alam
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. H. Rahman
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The site-specific nutrient requirement of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and companion crops, viz. onion (Allium cipa) and lentil (Lens culinaris) in sugarcane based cropping systems field experiments was determined under two Aqro-ecoloqical zones (AEZ), namely High Barind Tract (AEZ 26) and Tista Meander Floodplain soils (AEZ 3). The application of fertilizers for sugarcane and intercrops, onion and lentil as per soil test basis followed by dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) significantly increased cane yield to the extent of 19 % at AEZ 26 and 45 % at AEZ 3 over the sale cane crop. Maximum cane yield (119 t ha^-1) with highest BCR of Tk.4.37 was found in High Barind Tract with the application of N₁₉₀ + P₄₄ + K₆₅ + S₂₅ + Zn_3.5 kg ha^-1 to sugarcane and N₅₅ + P₁₈ + K₂₅ + S₆ kg ha^-1to potato. In Tista Meander Floodplain soils, application of N₁₂₀ + P₄₀ + K₇₅ + S₂₀ + Zn₂ + Mg₁₅ kg ha^-1 and N₁₅ + P₅ + K₆ + S₃ kg ha^-1to sugarcane and lentil, respectively produced the highest yield of 117 t ha^-1 with BCR of Tk.4.25. Green manure Sesbania aculeata increased cane yields about 2 to 9 per cent and contributed 56 - 66 kg N ha^-1.

Keywords: Determination, Fertilizer requirement, Sugarcane, Intercrop, Cropping systems

Location: Rajshahi and Jaipurhat districts, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1999

End Date: 00-00-2000

Program Area: Farming System

Non-commodity: Intercropping

Objectives:

To find the nutrient requirement of sugarcane and two intercrops, onion and lentil,
To determine the beneficial effects of intercropping to' sugarcane productivity, and
To observe potential of growing two intercrops, onion and lentil as cash crop in supplementing extra income to cane growers

Methodology:

The field trials were conducted in the farmer's field during the cropping season 1999-2000 under High Barind Tract (AEZ 26) and Tista Meander Floodplain (AEZ 3) soils at Rajshahi and Jaipurhat sites, respectively. Each of the treatment was replicated thrice in RCB design. The experimental plot was 8x6 m². Initial soils at the depth of 0-15 cm were collected and analyzed following standard procedure. The soil of experimental sites was neutral in reaction and deficient in organic matter, available nitrogen, potassium and zinc. Sulphur was near to critical level. Thirty-five days old two-budded soil bed sugarcane settlings (var. Isd 16) were used as test crop. Sugarcane settlings were transplanted during mid November at a row spacing of 1 m with interplant spacing of 0.5m. Sugarcane crop was harvested 13 months after planting. Three rows of lentil (var. BARI 4) and four rows of onion (local) were planted on the vacant space in between two rows. As green manure crop Dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) was grown after harvesting of 1st intercrop in April. The GM crop was ploughed down in situ on 50 days of sowing seeds by way of earthing up with spade. All the other cultural management practices were followed when required. Full dose of P, 5, Zn and Mg were applied in trenches and thoroughly mixed with soils by spade prior to transplanting of sugarcane settlings. Half of the quantities of N and K were top-dressed after 20-30 days of settling transplanting. The rest of N and K fertilizers were applied at peak tillering stage. Half dose of N and all other fertilizers of intercrops were applied at the vacant space of two cane rows and mixed thoroughly with soils and remaining N was applied as top dressing. The incorporated green manure dhaincha contained 1.65 % N. Necessary data were recorded and analyzed using the Least Significant Differences Test (LSD).at P= 0.05. Economics of different treatments were calculated on the basis prevailing market prices during the study period.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Biological Science's 5(2): 165-168, 2002

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Farmers of our country are continuously facing multifarious problems in crop production and strongly considered the economics of fertilizer use by which they can be benefited. Hence, economic analyses of different fertilizer management packages under sugarcane based intercropping systems were computed and have been provided. Analysis of different fertilizer packages was done ccnsidering the total variable cost and return where all other costs were involved remains constant for all the treatments. At different sites the highest net benefit and BCR was varied, as it was associated with the yield production as well as fertilizer requirement of the treatments. At Rajshahi, the highest BCR of Tk. 4.37 was obtained in T₅ treatment followed by Tk. 4.34 of T₆ treatment (Tk is a unit of Bangladesh currency and one US$ = Tk. 56). At Jaipurhat the highest net benefit and BCR of Tk. 4.25 was found in T₇, treatment followed by Tk. 4.20 of T₄, and Tk. 4.18 of T₅. Application of N₁₉₀ + P₄₄ + K₆₅ + S₂₅ + Zn_3.5 kg ha^-1to sugarcane and N₅₅ + p₁₈ + K₂₅ + S₆ kg ha^-1to potato and N₁₂₀ + P₄₀ + K₇₅ + S₂₀ + Zn₂ + Mg₁₅ kg ha^-1to sugarcane and N₁₅ + P₅ + K6+ S₃ kg ha^-1to lentil in High Barind Tract and Tista Meander Floodplain soils, respectively are found profitable for sustainable sugarcane production. A beneficial effect of raising intercrops with sugarcane enhances cane yield over sole cane and also provides interim economic benefits to the cane growers.

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