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Salinity Induced Morpho-physiological Characters and Yield Attributes in Rice Genotypes

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The pot experiment was conducted at the glass house of BINA Mymensingh to investigate the effect of different salinity levels on morpho-physiological characters, yield attributes and yield in five saline tolerant rice genotypes viz., SAL656, SAL614, SAL730, SAL613 and Pokkali. The four levels of sodium chloride induced salinity levels, 0, 6, 9 and 12 dSm^-1, were imposed at 25 days after planting. Results indicated that morpho-physiological characters, yield attributes, mineral ions in shoots such as potassium and calcium were decreased with gradual increasing of salinity levels while grain sterility and Na content of shoot were increased with increasing soil salinity. The highest value of the above parameters was observed in control and the lowest values of them were observed at 12 dSm^-1. Generally genotypes having ability to exclude Na from shoot were found salt tolerant in respect of grain yield and vice versa. Among the genotypes, the yield loss due to salinity was less in SAL656 and Pokkali than that in the others, which further revealed that SAL656 and Pokkali had a greater tolerance to salinity than SAL614, SAL760 and SAL613. The rank of salinity tolerance was: PB SAL656 > Pokkali > PB SAL730 > PB SAL613 > PB SAL614.

Keywords: Salinity stress, Morphological and physiological attributes, Mineral ion, Rice

Location: Pot yard, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 13-12-2009

End Date: 16-05-2010

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the effect of salinity stress on morphological and physiological attributes, ion accumulation and yield contributing characters of some salt tolerant rice genotypes developed at IRRI.

Methodology:

The pot culture experiment was carried out at the glass house of BINA, Mymensingh. The prepared soil was used in filling the pots after well mixing with given amounts of urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum at the rate of 1.35, 1.55, 0.0.82 and 0.75 g pot^-1 corresponding to 125, 150, 80 and 50 kg ha^-1, respectively. Plastic pots of 15 cm diameter and 20 cm height were used for the experiment. The pots of the experiment were filled with 3 kg of soils. The pots were placed in 150-Liters tray type water reservoir for nutrient solution and maintained of salinity. For smaller size of the pots, a Hoagland’s solution was used weekly in water reservoir for normal plant growth and development. The experiment was designed in a Split Plot arrangement with four replications in which salinity treatments were the main factor and genotypes the sub-factor. The treatments of the experiment were: five rice genotypes viz., SAL656, SAL614, SAL730, SAL613 and Pokkali, and four levels of salinity viz., 0, 6, 9 and 12 dS m^-1. The required quantities of commercial salts were applied to water reservoir at 25 days after sowing to impose salinity. To maintain specific salinity level, a high salinity (30 dS m^-1) solution was poured slowly to water reservoir until getting a desired salinity. The salinity levels of the water reservoir was monitored weekly by EC meter (Model: Z865, SCHOTT Instruments, Germany) and saline solution was added (when necessary) to maintained required salinity level in the reservoir. The chlorophyll content, photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in leaves were measured at heading stage. Sodium, potassium and calcium contents were determined from straw. At harvest, morphological parameters, yield attributes and grain yield was recorded. The collected data were analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 11 (2): 610-614 (2013)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The studied rice genotypes were variably affected in morpho-physiological attributes and yield contributing characters by different levels of salinity; and among the genotypes, SAL656 and Pokkali were found comparatively more tolerant under 12 dSm^-1 saline condition than the other genotypes with less yield reduction. Therefore, these two genotypes may have adopted themselves in moderate saline condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal