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Efficacy of Gamma Radiation Against Housefly (musca Domestica L.) Reproduction and Survival Ii. Adult Treatment

Halima Sadia Khan
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

M Saiful lslam
Email: saifulzoo@yahoo.co.uk
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Gamma radiation- induced changes in the reproductive parameters have been investigated using 0- 10 Gy doses on adult houseflies Musca domestica L. Inheritance of the parameters was recorded in the parents and subsequent progenies up to F₃ generations. Compared to the untreated controls, irradiation significantly increased oviposition, sterility and immature mortality, and diminished adult and female eclosion in the treated lines. Sterility reached 100% above 8 Gy levels and males were readily radio sterilized than the females. Dose mortality (LD₅₀) and sterility (SD₅₀) responses of the test insects were determined to be 10.04 Gy and 6.23 Gy, respectively. Results are promising in connection with a sterile insect technique (SIT) for this pest species.

Keywords: Musca domestica, Gamma radiation, Adult treatment, Oviposition, Sterility, Mortality, Eclosion

Location: Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka

Start Date: 01-01-2000

End Date: 30-06-2001

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

To evaluate the two possible usages of gamma radiations: direct radiation effects on parental reproduction and on subsequent progeny parameters, and radio- sensitivity to the adult flies .

Methodology:

Colonies of M. domestica were established in 45 cm x 28 cm x 33 cm rearing cages each containing ca. 200 unsexed adults on milk- yeast- water culture medium. Adult flies and their progenies were maintained from parental through F₃ generations. Newly emerged adults (1- 2 day- old) were collected from the stock culture. Both sexes were irradiated with gamma radiation at different doses, viz. 0 (control), 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 Gy. Irradiation was carried out with a gamma beam 650 loaded with⁶⁰CO with a rate of 18 Kr/ hr established at the Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Commission, Savar, Dhaka. For each dose, 20 adults of both sexes were irradiated and 5 replicates were made for each treatment. The irradiated adults were kept for mating in 500 ml beakers covered by muslin-mesh tops. After 24 hours of pairing, females were provided with oviposition medium for egg laying. In addition to untreated controls (U x U), crosses between irradiated parents (I x l), irradiated females and untreated males (l x U) and untreated females and irradiated males (Uxl) were performed to evaluate radiation effects on both sexes by recording reproductive parameters from parental through F₃generations. Twenty- four-hour egg laying by the newly- eclosed females constituted the oviposition whereas sterility was estimated from the number of non- hatched eggs. Immature mortalities were counted from the number of dead larvae and pupae in all treatment lines. Numbers of adult females and males emerged from all lines gave the adult survival data. Female ratio was calculated from the number of females divided by the total number of adults. Radiation dose needed to kill 50% adults (i e LD₅₀) gave the dose- mortality response, while dose required to sterilize 50% adults that emerged from the treated adults ( i e SD₅₀) was estimated from the non- hatched egg data at all dose levels mentioned above. Using SPSS (version 11.0), square- root transformed data were subjected to analysis of variation (ANOVA) followed by the least significant difference (LSD) tests for multiple comparisons. Effects of radiation doses, generations and mating types were analyzed for the reproductive parameters under study.

Source of Information: JOURNAL OF BIO-SCIENCE, THE INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES RAJSHAHI UNIVERSITY, Vol. 14, 2006, pp. 25-30, ISSN 1023–8654.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present results on gamma radiation- induced alterations in reproductive parameters in M. domestica differ from those of other dipteran species reported earlier. Lucilia serieata pupae emerged normally at 120 Gy, and no pupal mortality either in blowfly or in screwworm fly Chrysomyia bezziana was noticed. Previous workers did not observe any appreciable effect of gamma radiation on adult survival in fruit fly Dacus cucumis, C. bezziana, or L. cuprina. The present results clearly demonstrate that <10 Gy would be sufficient to control M. domestica reproduction and survival. In the study described here, radiation doses required to prevent adult eclosion and to induce sterility in M. domestica. It also provided data on such important reproductive parameters as oviposition, sterility, immature mortality and female ratio following adult treatment in parental generation and monitoring progeny parameters up to F₃generation. These results would therefore assist designing an effective SIT for M. domestica.

Knowledge Management: Journal