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Varietal Responses of Rice to Moisture Stress

M.S. Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M.Z. Haque
Chief scientific Officer
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

J.K. Biswas
Scientific Officer
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Water stress tolerance of several rice varieties/breeding lines were tested. The ability of root penetration through high bulk density soil varied widely among the varieties/ lines and depended on the number of thick roots. The extent of reduction in plant dry matter due to .water stress varied widely among the varieties/lines. Polyethylene,glycol'60oo' and sucrose solutions with water potentials of-10 and -7 bar, respectively, were used to evaluate water stress tolerance of the varieties/lines. The results suggested that sucrose solution maybe used to screen tolerant breeding materials in the laboratory, while growing plants in water stressed soil in concrete tanks may serve as a tool to screen materials having a deep root system and both tolerance and avoidance.

Keywords: Varietal response, Rice, Moisture stress

Location: BRRI, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To identify the morphological attributes which impart drought tolerance to rice.
To develop an efficient screening technique for isolating tolerant breeding materials.

Methodology:

Expt.1.Penetrating ability of root through high bulk density soil: The lower 3cm of 5cm long PVC tubes (diameter 7cm) were filled with soil compacted to a bulk density 2.0, and the top 2cm of each tube was filled with well granulated soil of low bulk density. Sprouted seeds of 23 varieties/lines,7 local upland varieties, 2 upland varieties, 2 upland breeding lines, 8 high yielding varieties and 4 local deepwater rice (DWR) varieties, were sown to the soil columns in the PVC tubes. Ten healthy seedlings per tube were allowed to grow. On the 14th and 26th days after sowing, root penetration through the soil observed and scored. The number of thick roots were counted for the seedlings at 14 DAS. The same varieties/lines were simulatanously grown in the 1m deep soil in concrete tanks and drought scores were taken. Expt. 2. Plasticity in drought resistance of rice varieties: Eighteen varieties/lines (8 upland varieties, 2 upland lines, 3 HYVs, 5 DWR varieties) were seeded in lines 30cm apart in 1m deep soil in concrete tanks in the headhouse, a well ventilated fibre glass walled and roofed house measuring 37m x 13m in two sets. After one week, 15 uniform healthy seedlings were allowed to grow per line. After 4 weeks, irrigation of the first set was stopped to induce water stress while irrigation of the other set was continued as needed to grow the plants under normal upland condition. After 7 weeks, drought tolerance scores for the first set were recorded. Then the plants were harvested from both the sets and root and shoot dry matter weights were recorded.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 2 (1&2): 11-16, 1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The root penetrating ability of variety depended significantly on the number of thick roots. ). A positive and significant correlation was found between the number of thick roots and drought tolerance of these varieties . Percent reduction in root and shoot dry weights due to water stress varied widely among the different varieties. Root and shoot dry weights even increased in several varieties in response to desiccation. A positive and significant correlation (r = 0.47**) was also found between stress tolerance in sucrose solution and that in the screening boxes in the green house. Drought tolerance ratings under the field condition correlated well (r = 0.67**) with those under the head house condition. The ratings of plant recovery following desiccation sucrose and PEG were positively and significantly (r = 0.62**) correlated , but those between the screening box and sucrose, between screening box and PEG, and between screening box and field were poorly correlated.

Knowledge Management: Journal