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Determination of Soybean Row Spacing Based on Morpho-physiological Characters

Dr. M. A. Malek
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted during December 2008 to April 2009 to investigate the effect of genotypes and row spacing on morpho-physiological characters, yield attributes and yield of soybean with three row spacing of 25, 30 and 35 cm. The experiment was laid out in two factor randomized complete block design with four replications. Branch number plant–1, leaf area plant^–1, total dry mass plant^–1, absolute growth rate, relative growth rate, pod number plant^–1, seed yield plant^–1 and harvest index were increased with increasing row spacing while reverse trend was observed in plant height and leaf area index. Results revealed that narrow spacing performed better in seed yield than wider spacing in soybean. The genotype having lower leaf area requires narrows row spacing and vice versa. On an average over the genotypes, the row spacing of 30 cm showed the highest seed yield in soybean under Bangladesh conditions. The optimum row spacing for higher seed yield of genotype BAU-21 and Shohag was 25 cm while optimum row spacing for genotype BAU-70 was 30 cm. Among the different genotypes, BAU-70 produced the highest seed yield both plant–1 and ha–1 due to its larger photosynthetic area.

Keywords: Soybean, Row spacing, Yield

Location: Experimental farm, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 26-12-2008

End Date: 15-04-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To standardize row spacing for maximizing seed yield based on morpho-physiological attributes of three soybean genotypes

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during December 2008 to April 2009. Two soybean genotypes namely BAU-21, BAU-80 and a widely cultivated varietiy, Shohag were used as plant materials. Three different row spacing of 25, 30 and 35 cm were considered in the experiment as the farmers of the Bangladesh generally practice row spacing of 25-35 cm. The experiment was laid out in a two factor randomized complete block design with four replications. The unit plot size was 3.5m×5.0m for 25 cm and 35 cm row spacing while 3.6m×5.0m for 30 cm row spacing. Urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum were applied as basal dose during field preparation at the rate of 20, 120, 80 and 40 kg ha^–1, respectively. Seeds were sown at 3-4 cm depth from the soil surface apart from 25, 30 and 35 cm row to row distance depending on the treatment. Different cultural practices operations such as weeding, thinning, irrigation and pesticide application were done as and when required for normal growth and development of plants. To study of growth, two plant samplings were taken at 60 and 75 DAS. The growth analyses like absolute growth rate (AGR) and relative growth rate (RGR) were analyzed following Hunt (1978). The leaf area index (LAI) was measured by canopy analyzer at 75 DAS. The Chlorophyll content was determined at 55 DAS following Yoshida et al. (1976). Leaf photosynthesis was measured at 60 DAS by Photosynthesis Meter. The yield contributing characters were recorded at harvest from ten representative plants of each plot. The seed yield was taken plot wise and converted into tons ha^–1.

Source of Information: Legume Research, 35 (2): 138-143 (2012)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Optimum row spacing in soybean depends on genotypes. Therefore, the optimum row spacing of BAU-21 and Shohag was narrow row of 25 cm and the optimum row spacing of BAU-70 was 30 cm. Further experimentation is needed for confirmation of the results.

Knowledge Management: Journal