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Identification of Groundnut Based on Morphological and Reproductive Characters

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal, PhD
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Dr. M. A. Hamid
CSO, Plant Breeding Division
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twenty eight established groundnut mutants and two check cultivars were studied during Kharif-I (February-June) seasons of 1995 and 1996 to find out their variability and distinct character (s) as identifying keys. All the mutant genotypes showed erect type sequential branching habits with two seeds in each pod although they had shown significant variability in all vegetative and reproductive structures. Twenty three mutant genotypes grouped into intermediate type of the extremes in any given identifying key characteristics. Mutants M₆/36-24 and M₆/61-6 had two buds/raceme, D₁/24-29 had the longest primary branch length and the highest number of secondary branches and Zhingabadam with three seeds/pod showed distinct identifying features of all the studied genotypes.

Keywords: Variability, Key identification, Groundnut

Location: Experimental farm, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-1995

End Date: 00-00-1996

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Ground nut

Objectives:

This study was under taken to precisely assess differences in the vegetative and reproductive characters amongst 28 elite mutants and two check cultivars for framing keys of future identifying strategies of groundnut.

Methodology:

Two field experiments were conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during Kharif-I (February-June) seasons of 1995 and 1996. Twenty eight mutants developed at BINA and two released varieties belonging to Spanish group were studied. Randomized complete block design was used in both the experiments, with three replications. Urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash were applied during final land preparation at the rate of 40, 150 and 120 kg ha^-1, respectively. Seeds were sown in line on 15 March, 2010 and 10, 2011 with plant spacing of 30 cm and 15 cm. Intercultural operations were done as and when necessary for normal plant growth and development. All the plants of the mutants/cultivars were harvested at a time, 135 and 130 days after sowing for experiment-1 and-2, respectively. Data on different vegetative and reproductive characters were recorded from the experiments following standard techniques and were subjected to appropriate statistical analyses.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture, 16: 67-75, 2001

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest number of mutant genotypes was placed in the intermediate scales in any of the key identifying traits, whilst only few in the highest and lowest scale extremes. The latter extremes are actually very important keys in distinguishing the genotypes. Only single genotype of the whole lot had shown distinctively the longest primary branch and highest secondary branch number (D₁/24-29), highest primary branch number (M₆/7-25), highest leaflet length (Dhaka-1) and highest seeds pod^-1 (Zhingabadam). In contrast, only two mutants of the lot had shown distinctive shortest plant height (M6/64-82 and M6/57-15), two buds raceme^-1 (M₆/36-24 and M₆/61-6), highest petal length (Mut-2 and D₁/24-29), highest pod length (Mut-2 and Zhingabadam) and highly constricted pod and highest 100-pod weight (Mut-2 and Mut-3). All these mutants with the above distinguished characteristic featured for being identical genetic markers and could be used in future breeding applications.

Knowledge Management: Journal