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Root Development, Water Use and Yield Performance of Some Varieties of Rapes and Mustard

N. Islam
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

A.A.C. Moududi
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

L.Rahman
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, BAU, Mymensingh

M.S.U. Talukder
Department of Irrigation and water management, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from October 1990 through February 1991 to study the root 'development, water use and yield performances of ten varieties of mustard and rapes. Sonali Sarisha produced the highest yield (1.90 t/ha) and Tori-7 gave the lowest (0.85 t/ha). The variation in seed yield ranged from 37 to 1 24 % among different varieties compared to Tori-7. The varieties in order of seed yields were: Sonali Sarisha> Sam pad > Bina-l > Bina-.3> M-91 > M-287> Rai-5> Daulat> TS-72> Tori-7. The trend in seed yield was reflected through yield parameters, more particularly with crop dry weights, pod/m2, seeds/pod and seed weight. A strong relationship existed between crop duration, root devetoprnent-and dry matter production among varieties. A significant correlation (r=0.91***) was observed between seed yield and water use. Tori-7 and TS-72 were the least (105 and 110mm) water users, whereas, Sonali Sarisha and Sam pad consumed considerably a higher amount (145 and 160 mm): The water use efficiency (WUE) of Sonali Sarisha, Bina-3 and Bina-1 appeared to be more efficient in terms of both seed yield and water use than other varieties. Sampad, Tori-7 and TS-72 were found to be less efficient with respect to WUE.

Keywords: Water use, Root develeprnent, Yield, Mustard, Rapes

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-10-1990

End Date: 28-02-1991

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To study the root development, water use and yield performance of the prevailing mustard and rapeseed varieties of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was con- ducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, seeded cultivars. viz. Daulat, Rai-5 and Sarnpad.' a seed rate of 9 kg/ha was used, and ten kg of seeds were sown for the rest of the cultivars. Soil moisture content of the experimental plots was measured by a neutron moisture meter every 12 hourly up to 34 days at intervals of 15 cm to 60 cm depth. It was then converted to % volume following the method of Rahman et al. (1974). The root system of plants for each unit plot was studied by taking a 20 cm deep soil lump using a Khanta. The compact lumps centering the plant stems along with the root systems were cut-off immediately and the stem lengths (plant height) measured. For root counts, the soil lumps containing the root system were taken to a pond and soaked overnight in water. Soil cores were then washed off thoroughly in running water by placing the lumps within a sieve. When the root systems were washed free of soils, the number of length of the root fragments recorded. The samples of stems and roots were dried separately in an oven at 80⁰ C up to a constant weight. The crop was irrigated two times, the first one was given on 18 days after sowing by means of a manually operated watering can followed by the next one on 27 days after sowing. A mild infestation with aphids was noted in January and the crop was protected b.y spraying Malathion @ 1.1 I/ha (Rahman, 1989). Individual varieties were harvested as crops matured. Prior to harvest, ten sample plants were randomly selected from each unit plot and taken for yield component determination. The data were subjected to statistical analysis following the ANOVA- technique and means adjudged by LSD/Duncan's Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 2.1(1): 111-124, January, 1994

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Roots/plant did not consistently vary between varieties during the crop growth period The water use efficiency (WUE) expressed as ton/ha/mm was found to be the lowest for T ori-7 because the yield did not increase in proportion to water use. WUE for other varieties were found to be more or less the same. The results indicate that varieties Bina- 1 and Bina-3 might improve the WUE for seed production without reducing the yield thereby fulfilling the ultimate goal of achieving maximum yield and maximum WUE.

Knowledge Management: Journal