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Isolation and Characterization of Rhizosphere Bacteria and Their Effect on Germination of Rice Seeds and Growth of Seedlings

Shamima Nasrin
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M A Rahman
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from root zones from rice fields. These were cultured in laboratory conditions and investigated the effects on germination and growth of rice seedlings. They inhabit around the roots and live on root exude and benefit the plants by altering the solubility and availability of mineral nutrients and protecting the roots from invasion of pathogens by creating an antibiotic barrier around the root. It has been found that rhizosphere bacteria have no effect on germination of rice seeds. Both the rhizosphere bacteria and the Agrobacterium have been found to produce better growth of rice seedlings in pot cultures but later is less effective than the former. Rhizosphere bacteria are mixtures of many e.g. Actimomyces, Proteobacteria, Pseudomonas etc. but Agrobacterium sp is single.

Keywords: Rhizosphere, Bacteria, Symbiosis, Soil microflora, Non-leguminous plants.

Location: Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

i) To isolate and characterise the bacteria from the rice field rhizosphere.

ii) To see the effect of these bacteria on germination of rice seeds and their contribution to
growth of seedlings.

Methodology:

Rhizosphere bacteria were obtained by isolation from rice field rhizosphere and pure culture of Agrobacterium sp were obtained from the laboratory of the Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi. Fresh and dried seeds of rice were used for germination and raising the seedlings. Media are the synthetic mixtures of bacto-peptone 10g, NaCI 5g, Yeast ext. Powder 0.5g in a liter of distilled water, Agar powder of 105 g was added in 100 ml for solidification of liquid medium. These were used for culturing the bacteria in glass-tubes and in petri dishes, The media were sterilized in an autoclave at 120 ºC under 15 1bs pressure for 15 min. Both solidified and liquid culture media were used for study of rhizosphere bacteria. Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere soil from a rice field. Soils from 6 cm radius from the tillering rice plant and 6 cm depth from the surface were collected and sun dried. Pots were filled with these soils and filter papers were put appressed on the soil and sterile liquid bacterial culture medium was pipelted on the filter paper to allow growth of bacteria in colonies on the filter paper from the soil. The pots were put on the laboratory bench at room temperature (30-35 ºC). Well-grown bacterial colonies were picked up with a sterile wire loop and cultured separately in liquid culture tubes. These were numbered numerically. Streaking method was used for making bacterial cultures in plates. Rice seeds were germinated on water soaked filter paper in sterile method culture in petridishes and seedlings of 5-day old were transplanted in pots to grow them by sterile sand or soil culture method as the case may be. Sand and soil were sterilized at 120ºC under 15 lbs pressure for one hour, then cooled. The pots were filled with sterile sand or soil as the purpose of the experiments and the seedlings were transplanted in them.

Source of Information: Journal of Bio- Science. Vol. 15, pp: 77-82, 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It has been found that rhizosphere bacteria have no effect on germination of rice seeds. Both the rhizosphere bacteria and the Agrobacterium have been found to produce better growth of rice seedlings in pot cultures but later is less effective than the former. Rhizosphere bacteria are mixtures of many e.g. Actimomyces, Proteobacteria, Pseudomonas etc. but Agrobacterium sp is single.

Knowledge Management: Journal