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Effect of Bipolaris Sorokiniana Leaf Blight on Some Yield Components and Seed Quality of Wheat

A.Q.M. Bazlur Rashid
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

B.P. Lahiri
Crop Quality Laboratory, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box No.4, Mymensingh.

T. Islam
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effect of Bipolaris sorokiniana infection causing leaf blight on some yield components and seed quality of five susceptible and highly susceptible cultivars of wheat were studied. Natural and induced epiphytotic field conditions were used. Relationship of the field incidence of leaf blight caused by the pathogen to its subsequent effects on seed quality was determined. No significant difference was found between leaf blight in inoculated plants at pre-ear emergence and post-ear emergence. But both the treatments had significantly higher effects on the disease development than that in the naturally infected plants. Artificial inoculation at pre-ear emergence attributed to maximum reduction in different yield components measured. Corresponding to the maximum disease index (83.52%), the cv. MSI suffered most than other cvs. significantly reducing length of ear (8.44 cm.), number of grain per ear (30.54), 1000 grain weight (30.57 g) and single tiller weight (1.07 g), and induced maximum seed-borne infection and insignificantly increased protein content of seeds. The pathogen caused reduction of seed germination up to 59.40 to 75.80%. A comparison between leaf blight incidence in the field and quality assessments of the seeds in laboratory has been presented.

Keywords: Leaf blight, Yield components, Seed quality, Wheat

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To determine the effect of leaf blight caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana on some important yield components and seed quality of wheat.

Methodology:

Five wheat cultivars of diversive origin and under commercial cultivation in Bangladesh were used in this study. The cultivars were - Balaka (Bangladesh). MSI (U.S.A). Nava- prata (unknown). Pavon (Mexico) and Protap (India). Among these cultivers, Balaka and Pavon have been reported to be susceptible to leaf blight. The experiment was carried out in split plot design with 4 replications in previously wheat growing farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. There were altoge- ther 4 treatments - T₁) control having fungicidal spray, T₂) natural infection, T₃) artificial inoculation before flowering of plants (pre-ear emergence) and T₄) artificial inoculation after flowering (post-ear emergence). Bipo/aris sorokiniana used for the inocula- tions was maintained in PDA from the culture from the previous year. Inoculation was made by spraying foliage with an aqueous conidial suspension of 2 week old B. sorokiniana (5000-7000 conidia/ml.). After inoculation, the whole field including control plots was irrigated. The control plots were maintained by sparing with Dithane M-45 @ 2.25 kg/ha three times at weekly intervals commencing from a day before inoculation for the other treatment plots while T₂ received no artificial inoculation. The wheat plant showing varying disease intensities were selected at random and tagged in each replication of aII the treatments. The leaf blight was estima- ted on 50 tillers selected at random from the tagged plants by rating the plants using the scale 0-5 (Bazlur Rashid et al., 1987). During recording the disease, care was taken to avoid confusion about the typical leaf blight symptoms caused by B. sorokiniana and the leaf blight symptoms caused by other pathogens. However, the plants showing traces of other infection (if any) were excluded from the sampling. Disease index was calculated by the formula described by Singh (1984). The diseased single tillers from each of the selected tagged plants were harvested separately and data were recorded on yield contributing characters like ear length, number of grain per ear, weight of grain per ear, 1000 grain weight and weight of dry tiller (sun dried for a week). The individual plot yields were maintained in clean cotton bags at room temperature. The data were analysed and tested for differences by Duncan's New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 21(1): 185-192, January, 1994

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The maximum disease index (83.52%) was recorded in cv. MSI while cv. Nevaprata showed the least (69.58%). The fungicidal spray in T₁ W9S found to give partial to complete control of the disease.

Knowledge Management: Journal