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Effect of Five Anthelmintics Against Fascioliasis and Gastro-intestinal Nematodiasis on Blood Picture and Body Weight in Cattle

M.S.A. Khan
Directorate of Livestock Services, Bangladesh.

M. Mostofa
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2200.

M.A. Awal
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2200.

K.A. Khan
Directorate of Livestock Services, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The naturally parasitic infected 35 cattle were selected from neighbouring villages of mohadevpur thana under Naogaon district for anthelmintic trial and were divided into 7 equal groups where three groups had the infection with liverfluke and five groups had the infection with gastro-intestinal nematodes. The efficacy of 5 locally available anthelmintics were assessed on the basis of fecal egg count reduction (FECR) and changes on body weight and haematological parameters. Oil the basis of FECR the efficacy of triclahandazole (Fasinex, Novartis ltd.) and nitroxynil (Dovenix^(R) Rhone Merieux, France) was found to be 97.05% and 96.87% respectively against fasciola infected cattle whereas levamisole (Ralnex, Novartis ltd.) albandazole (Helmex, Renata ltd) piperazine citrate (therazine, Ethial Drug ltd) showed 97.22%. 93.75% and 82.95% efficacy respectively against gastro- intestinal nematodes in cattle. Body weight was found to be increassed ((2.48-3.27%) after treatment with these 5 anthelmintics. Similarly, total erythrocyte count (TEC) and haemoglobin (Hb) content was increased, upto 4-35% & 10-45% respective whereas percentage of eosinophil was reduced appreciebly. However, other haematological parameter (TLC, ESR, PCV, percentage of basophil, neutrophil, monocyte and lymphocyte) were not influenced appreciebly. The present findings suggest that these 5 anthelmintics can be used for curative measure against liverfluke and gastro-intestinal nematodes in cattle in field condition of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Anthelmintics, Fascioliasis, Gastro-intestinal nematodiasis, Cattle.

Location: Thana Livestock Development Center, Mohadevpur under Naogaon district.

Start Date: 00-01-1996

End Date: 00-12-1996

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

(i) To evaluate the comparative efficacy of Fasinex(R) (triclabendazole), Dovenix (R) (nitroxynil, Ralnex(R) (levamisole), Helmex(R) (albendazole), Therazine(R) (piperazine citrate) against fascioliasis and gastro-intestinal nematodiasis in cattle.

(ii) To study the effect of these anthelmintics on body weight and haematological parameter in cattle.

Methodology:

The research work was carried out for 12 months from January to December, 1996 in the Thana Livestock Development Center (TLDC), Mohadevpur under Naogaon district. The naturally gastro-intestinal parasite infected cattle from neighbouring villages of Mohadevpur thana under Naogaon district were used in this study. The Cattle were of either sex and aged between 3 and 5 years. 120 cattle were selected from above mentioned villages of Mohadevpur thana suffering from diarrhoea. Faecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of all suspected clinical cases and were examined by direct smear, flotation and sedimentation technique. Faecal egg count was performed by Modified Stoll's Dilution technique. On the basis of the faeces examination, 35 cattle were selected for anthelmintic trial from the 88 infected cattle and were divided into 7 groups (A to G) each group containing 5 cattle where groups A, Band C had the infection with liver flukes and groups D, E, F and G had the infection with gastro-intestinal nematodes. Before dosing with anthelmintics, cattle were treated with astringent mixture. Cattle of group A and D were kept as control without giving any anthelmintic. Cattle of Groups B, C, E, F and G were treated with triclabendzole (Fasinex ^(R), Novartis ltd. Bangladesh @ of 12.5 kg body weight orally), nitroxynil (Dovenix^(R) injection, Rhone Merieux, France @ of I ml/25 kg body weight sub-cuteneously), levamisole (Ralnex^(R), Novartis ltd. Bangladesh @ of 7.5 mg/kg body weight orally), albendazole (Helmex^(R), Renata ltd. Bangladesh @ of 7.5 mg/kg body weight orally) and Piperazine citrate (Therazine^(R) Ethical Drug ltd. Bangladesh @ of 100 mg/kg body weight orally) respectively. The faecal samples were collected and examined on 0, 7^th, 14^th, 21^th and 28^th day of treatment for finding the efficacy of these anthelmintics on the basis of faecal egg count. The body weight of all experimental cattle were taken as per above schedule. The formula used was followed for recording body weight of cattle. Five ml blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of each cattle in vials containing anticoagulant i.e. calcium EDT A as per above mentioned time for studying the haematological parameters, i.e. total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), haemoglobin content (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and differential count (DC). The haernatological parameters were determined as per method cited.

Source of Information: Ban. J. An. Sc. 2003. 32 (1-2): 47-56,(ISSN 0003-3588)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the present study, it may be concluded that the two drugs i.e. Fasinex and Dovenix were found to be equally effective against fascioliasis in cattle. On the other hand among other three drugs, Ralnex was found to be comparatively more effective followed by Helmex and Therazine against gastro-intestinal nematodes in cattle. So, These drugs may be used in field condition of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal