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Inhibitory Effect of Different Plant Extracts, Cow Dung and Cow Urine on Conidial Germination of Bipolaris Sorokiniana

Nargis Akhter
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Most Ferdousi Begum
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Shahidul Alam
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Md Shah Alam
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Inhibition of conidial germination of Bipolaris sorokiniana was tested using eight ethanolic plant extracts, ten aqueous plant extracts in combination with cow dung and five aqueous plant extracts in combination with cow urine. Hundred percent of conidial germination was inhibited with the application of ethanolic extracts of Adhatoda vasica (leaf) and Zingiber officinale (rhizome) at 2.5% concentration. After the treatment with Vinca rosea, Piper betle and Azadirachta indica extracts in combination with cow dung suspension showed 100% inhibition of conidial germination; where the lowest was noted in case of Rauwolfea serpentina (30%) extract at same concentration. At 2.5% concentration of Calotropis procera extracts in combination with cow urine, 91 % inhibition of conidial germination was observed. In most cases, Ocimum sanctum extract exhibited less inhibitory effect against B. sorokiniana.

Keywords: Bipolaris sorokiniana, Leaf blight, Plant extracts, Triticum aestivum, Cow dung, Cow urine

Location: Rajshahi

Start Date: 01-01-2000

End Date: 30-06-2001

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To observe the effects of different plant extracts alone and in combination with cow dung and cow urine on the inhibition of conidial germination of B. sorokiniana.

Methodology:

B. sorokiniana (Sacc.) was isolated from wheat leaf, which caused leaf blight disease of wheat. Fungus was cultured on host-extracted medium and the conidia were taken for the experiment from 12 days old culture. Five gram tissue was cut in pieces and immediately plunged in to boiling 80% ethyl alcohol in a beaker and allowed to boil for 5- 10 minutes, using 5- 10 ml of alcohol for each gram tissue. The extraction was carried out on top of a steam bath. It was cooled in a pan of cold water. The tissues were crushed thoroughly in a mortar with a pestle and then passed through two layers of cheese cloth and re- extracted the ground tissues in hot 80% alcohol for 3 minutes, using 2- 3 ml of alcohol for per gram of tissues. The volume of the extract was evaporated on a steam bath to dryness. The dried plant extracts were mixed with sterile distilled water at a concentration of 2.5%. In case of water extract, the dried plant extracts were mixed with sterile distilled water at concentrations of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5%, and finally mixed with cow dung and cow urine to obtain 1: 15 w/v and 1: 10 ml, respectively. Conidia of B. sorokiniana was taken from 12 days old culture and conidial suspension (10³ conidia/ ml) were made separately in different concentrations of ethanolic and aqueous plant extracts in combination with cow dung and cow urine. Conidial suspensions were taken in small Petri plates (65 mm) and were kept at 28°C. A drop of treated conidial suspension (12 x10³ conidia/ ml) was taken on grove slides in a moisture chamber for 24 hours of incubation. Then a drop of lactophenol cotton blue was added to conidial suspension on the slides. Statistical analysis of data expressed as percentage was carried out from angular transform software. Least of significant difference (LSD) were determined, wherever, the calculated 'F' value were significant at 5% level.

Source of Information: JOURNAL OF BIO-SCIENCE, THE INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES RAJSHAHI UNIVERSITY, Vol. 14, 2006, pp. 87-92, ISSN 1023–8654.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study demonstrated that the extracts of A. vasica and Z. officinal; P betle, V. rosea and A. indica extracts in combination with cow dung, and C. procera extract in combination with cow urine posses high ability to inhibit conidial germination of B. sorokiniana, which might be used for controlling phytopathogens of crop plants.

Knowledge Management: Journal