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Effect of Water Regimes on Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Dry Season Rice

A. A. Choudhury
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institue, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

S. A. Sattar
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institue, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. Gaffar
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

S. B. Siddique
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institue, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Rice was grown in the dry season of 1986 and 1987. Effect of four water regimes viz. continuous flooding, alternate drying and flooding, continuous soil saturation and saturation to field capacity on yield components, yield and nitrogen uptake of BR14 were studied. Continuous flooding increased the number of grains per panicle and decreased unfilled grain as compared to other moisture regimes. Grain yield was the highest with continuous flooding and started to decrease with reduction of added water. Nitrogen uptake by rice crop was highest with continuous flooding which was statistically identical to that with other moisture regimes. Though less frequent irrigation was needed for continuous flooding, the amount of water added was the highest and that was decreased with the decrease in water regimes.

Keywords: Water regime, Yield, Nitrogen uptake, Dry season rice

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute , Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-1986

End Date: 00-00-1987

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To evaluate the appropriate water regime for higher nitrogen uptake and yield of dry season rice.

Methodology:

Field experiments were conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during the dry season of 1986 and 1987. The four treatments, continuous flooding up to 6-8 cm (CF), alternate drying and flooding (IDF), continuous saturation up to O.5cm (CS) and Saturation to field capacity (S-FC), were arranged in complete randomized blocks with four replications. The treatments were imposed two weeks after transplanting and continued till the crops become yellow ripe. In IDF, water depth was maintained between 6 and 8 cm and after disappearance of water the soil was dried for 2-3 days and then rewatered again. During the period of high evaporative demand, water was needed to apply twice daily to keep soil at saturation in CS. In S-FC water was applied to saturate the soil whenever fine cracks were observed in 1986 while in 1987 the plot was saturated when soil moisture tension reaches at 0.3 bar measured with Tensiometer (Gallcnkarnp, SLR 750) inserted into mud to a depth of 15 cm and the cycle was continued. The amount of water added for each treatment was estimated from the cumulative depth of flooding in 1987 only. Fifty-day-old 3 to 4 seedlings of BR14 per hill were transplanted at 25cm x 20 cm spacing on 15 January 1986 and on 6 January, 1987. Fertilizer was applied at 90-60-40-20-4 kg of N, P₂0₅ K₂0, S and Zn per hectare, respectively. Only 123 mm rainfall was recorded during 1987 study period. The rain water was drain out immediately after rainfall from cs and S-FC plots. The entry of water into the plots for CS and S-FC through seepage was prevented by inserting polyethylen sheets into the levees around the plots up to a depth of 20-25 cm. Tiller per meter square was counted at the maximum tillering stage (MT). Grain and straw yields and harvest index were determined from the plant harvested from central 5m² area in each plot. The grain yield adjusted for 14% moisture content was converted to tons per hectare. Data on yield components were recorded. Total Nitrogen uptake was also determined in 1987 from harvested grain and straw to relate the uptake with water regimes.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 2 (1 & 2): 96-103, 1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Continuous flooding increased the number of grains per panicle and decreased unfilled grain as compared to other moisture regimes. Grain yield was the highest with continuous flooding and started to decrease with reduction of added water. Nitrogen uptake by rice crop was highest with continuous flooding which was statistically identical to that with other moisture regimes. Though less frequent irrigation was needed for continuous flooding, the amount of water added was the highest and that was decreased with the decrease in water regimes.

Knowledge Management: Journal