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Identification of Characters Responsible for Yield Reduction of Wheat Under Soil Moisture Stress

M. Tazul Islam
Graduate Training Institute, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Study of wheat yield under soil moisture stress was carried out in Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 1984 to 1987. The yield showed a high correlation co-efficient with number of grain per ear. RGR, HI. CGR, FLA and 1000 grains weight while maximum number of tillers per plant and water uptake (%) showed a negative correlation with yield. Simple regression analysis indicated high association of ear bearing tillers per plant; length of ear, grain per ear, NAR, Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b with yield. But number of tillers per plant end water uptake ( % ) showed negative association with yield. Again multiple regression between yield and plant characters showed different association. Finally path co-efficient analysis identified that number of grain per ear and RGR were responsible for wheat yield reduction under soil moisture stress.

Keywords: Soil moisture stress, Yield, Wheat.

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 27-11-1984

End Date: 16-03-1985

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To evolve drought resistance variety of wheat

Methodology:

The studies were carried out in pots with three high yielding varieties of bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L ) extensively grown in Bangladesh. The varieties are Sonalika (V ₁), Kanchan (V₂) and lnia 66 (V ₃) . The experiments were carried out in three seasons during 1984-85,1985-86, 1986- 87 with the Bangladesh Agricultural University farm soils. The $oil contained 0.092% nitrogen, 18.7 ppm available phosphorus, 0.256 meq/100g exchange able potash in soil, 13.12 ppm sulphur and 0.006 ppm available zinc. The soil was sandy loam with 1.48% organic matter, 7.0 soil pH and 30.44% by weight field capacity . Treatments , Seven differrent treatments having the following percentages of soil moisture were used. The 100 per cent field capacity (fc) of the soiI moisture (T₀ ) , 80 per cent fc of soil moisture (T₁), 60 per cent fc of soil moisture (T₂). 40 per cent fc of soil moisture (T₃) were maintained throughout the growing period. No water was applied from 15th to 30th day after sowing of seeds (T₄). This was the stress at crown root initiation (CRI) stage. No irrigation was made from 45th to 60th day after sowing of seeds (T₅) . This was the stress at heading stage Again, no water was applied first from 15th to 30th day and then from 45th to 60th day after sowing (double stresses, T₈) on the same plants The pots were arranged at random. Seeds were sown in pots on November 27,1984, November 18,1985 and November 20, 1986 and the final harvests after ripening were made on March 16, 1985, March 10, 1986 and March 13, 1987 respectively .

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Sci. 20 (2):261-268, July, 1993

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the three experiments indicated that both direct and indirect highest effects on yield were contributed by number of grains per ear and RGR. The combined analysis over 3 years for number of grain per ear and RGR showed highly significant correlation with yield ( r 0.943 & 0.921 respectively ). Path analysis showed that direct effect of number of grain per ear and RGR were very high and indirect effect through these two characters were also high. The R₂ value indicated that 93.3% causes were included in the study. Thus the number of grain per ear and RGR are sufficient for selection of drought resistance variety. So the number of grains per ear and RGR were found as the prominent character for the improvement of grain yield of wheat under soil moisture stress.

Knowledge Management: Journal