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Growth and Yield of Some Wheat Cultivars Under Different Levels of Soil Salinity

Md. Shariful Islam
Former MS Student
Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer and Head
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Dr. Muhammad Obaidul Islam
Professor
Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during November 2001 to March 2002 to study the salinity tolerance of wheat varieties viz., Kanchan, Protiva and Shotabdi. The plants were grown under the three salinity levels (control, 4.3 and 8.6 dSm^-1). Plant height, leaf area index (LAI), tiller number, number of spike hill-1, length of spike, grain yield, 1000-grain weight, total dry matter (TDM) and harvest index (HI) were reduced with the increase of salinity levels. Three wheat varieties could survive and produced grain yield up to 8.6 dSm-1 of salinity. Increased Na⁺and decreased K⁺ and Ca⁺⁺in roots, leaves and stems of wheat were found with increasing salinity levels. Among the varieties, Protiva had higher Na⁺ content coupled with low K+ and the reduction per cent of LAI, TDM, HI and grain yield were higher than other varieties. The Kanchan showed its tolerance to salinity containing higher K⁺ and lower Na⁺content, might have an escaping mechanism to reduce Na⁺toxicity. The per cent decreasing trend in LAI. TDM, HI and grain yield of Kanchan under salinity was also lower than that of control, which might have also imparted to some tolerance.

Keywords: Salinity, Wheat, Growth, Yield

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-11-2001

End Date: 01-03-2002

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To observe the effect of salinity levels on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of wheat varieties,
To determine uptake of Na⁺, K⁺and Ca⁺⁺ ions among different plant parts and to find out salt tolerant variety.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during November 2001 to March 2002 to study the salinity tolerance of wheat varieties viz., Kanchan, Protiva and Shotabdi. The plants were grown under the three salinity levels (control, 4.3 and 8.6 dSm^-1. Each pot contained 7 kg soil was fertilized to the rate of 220 kg urea, 180 kg TSP, 50 kg MP and 120 kg ha^-1. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Salts were added following Michael (1978) and Ponnamperuma (1984). Data on morpho-physiological attributes and yield were recorded and analyzed using the MSTAT-C statistical program.

Source of Information: MS thesis by MD. SHARIFUL ISLAM, Examination Roll No. 30, Reg. No. 18867, Session: 1991-92, January-June Semester, 2002, Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plant height, leaf area index (LAI), tiller number, number of spike hill^-1, length of spike, grain yield, 1000-grain weight, total dry matter (TDM) and harvest index (HI) were reduced with the increase of salinity levels. Three wheat varieties could survive and produced grain yield up to 8.6 dSm-1 of salinity. Increased Na⁺and decreased K⁺ and Ca⁺⁺in roots, leaves and stems of wheat were found with increasing salinity levels. Among the varieties, Protiva had higher Na⁺ content coupled with low K+ and the reduction per cent of LAI, TDM, HI and grain yield were higher than other varieties. The Kanchan showed its tolerance to salinity containing higher K⁺ and lower Na⁺content, might have an escaping mechanism to reduce Na⁺toxicity. The per cent decreasing trend in LAI. TDM, HI and grain yield of Kanchan under salinity was also lower than that of control, which might have also imparted to tolerance of salinity.

Knowledge Management: Thesis