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Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Some Selected Sesame Genotypes Under Water Logging at Vegetative Stage

Dr. Rina Rani Saha
Chief Scientific Officer (In Charge)
Plant Physiology Division, BARI, Jodebpur, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The treatments included four genotypes viz. BD-6980, BD-6985, BD-6992 and BD-7012 under waterlogged (at vegetative stage) and control (no waterlogged) conditions. Plant height, root length, root volume, root dry weight and leaf area per plant in all the four genotypes of sesame were affected by water logging imposed at vegetative stage and showed a lower value. Higher SPAD (Soil and Plant Analyzer Development) and specific leaf mass were found in waterlogged plant during water logging period but lower value observed during recovery period. A positive relative growth rate was observed in both control and water logging treated plant. All the genotypes showed positive indeces in root, stem, leaf and petiole though water logging tolerance index in terms of root showed better performance. Among the genotypes, BD 6980 showed higher water logging tolerance in all the components followed by BD 6985. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found higher in waterlogged plant of all the four sesame genotypes in both water logging period and recovery period. Different antioxidant enzyme activities like Peroxidase, Catalase, Ascorbate peroxidase, Glutathione peroxidase, and Superoxide dismutase were found inconsistant in the present study but most of the antioxidant enzyme activities showed an increasing trend in waterlogged plant than that of control plant in all the genotypes. Genotype BD 6980 having lower amount of MDA and simultaneously showed higher antioxidant activities is considered as highly tolerant.

Keywords: Physiological, Biochemical, Sesame, Water logging and Vegetative stage

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 02-03-2014

End Date: 00-00-0000

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Sesame

Objectives:

To investigate physiological responses as well as antioxidative enzymes that may lead to select sesame genotype (s) which were more water logging tolerant at vegetative stage

Methodology:

The treatments included four genotypes viz. BD-6980, BD-6985, BD-6992 and BD-7012 under waterlogged (at vegetative stage) and control (no waterlogged) conditions. In each pot, 10 seeds were sown on 2 March, 2014. The seedlings were emerged within 7 days after sowing. At 21 days after sowing, seedlings were thinned out keeping two uniform seedlings in each pot. Water logging treatment was imposed at 29 days after emergence (DAE) and kept water logging (3-5 cm water above the soil surface) for three days. These three days (29-30 DAE) were considered as water logging period and onward removal of water logging i, e. 32-43 DAE was considered as recovery period. Plants from two pots for every genotype under both waterlogged and control condition were collected after termination at water logging (31 DAE) and 12 days after termination of water logging i. e, 43 DAE (recovery period) to record data on different parameters such as SPAD value, leaf area, root-shoot length, root value and components dry weight. Specific leaf mass (SLM) was determined as the ratio between leaf dry weight and leaf area. Leaf area was measured immediately after collection of the plant with the help of an automatic leaf area meter (LI 3100, LI-COR, USA). The relative growth rate (RGR) of plant components biomass and total biomass were calculated. The RGR of each plant component under waterlogged and control conditions were utilized to calculate water logging tolerance (WLT) according to Chan and Burton (1992). On the other hand, the protein concentration in the leaf extract was determined according to the method of Bradford (1976) using BSA as a protein standard. Peroxidase (POD) activity was estimated. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was determined using an indirect competitive inhibition assay. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and Catalase (CAT) activity was assayed.

Source of Information: Plant Physiology Annual Research Report 2013-2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All genotypes showed positive water logging tolerance indices in root, stem, leaf and petiole but in terms of root showed better performance. Genotype BD 6980 having lower amount of MDA and simultaneously showed higher antioxidant (SOD, CAT, POD, APX, GPX) activities is considered as highly tolerant and other three genotypes are moderately tolerant under water logging condition. Seed yield reduced in all the genotypes due to imposition of water logging but minimum reduction was observed in BD 7012.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings