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Morphological Characterization of Flowering Behavior, Flower and Flower Components in Satkara Germplasm

M. H. M. B. Bhuyan
Scientific Officer
Citrus Research Station, BARI, Jaintapur, Sylhet

Jhutan C. Sarker
Scientific Officer
Citrus Research Station, BARI, Jaintapur, Sylhet

Senior Scientific Officer
Citrus Research Station, BARI, Jaintapur, Sylhet

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An effort has been done for in situ characterization regarding flowering behavior,flower and flower components in satkara for intellectual property rights (IPR). BARI Satkara-1 and local Satkara germplasm CM Jai-008 were include in this study. Among the germplasm a wide range of variation was found in case of flowering behavior,flower and flower components and presented below.

Flower Descriptors

Variety/Accession	Pedicel length	Calyx diameter	Length of anthers relative to stigma	Flower type	Color of open flower	Color of anthers
BARI Satkara-1	3 mm	Small	Medium	Hermaphrodite	White	Yellow
CM Jai-008	2.5 mm	Small	Medium	Hermaphrodite	White	Pale yellow

Continued

Variety/Accession	Number of petals per flower	Petal length	Petal width	Number of stamens	Flowering month	Arrangement of flower
BARI Satkara-1	4/5	7 mm	5 mm	> 4 per petal	February-March	Single & Inflorescence
CM Jai-008	4	6 mm	4.5 mm	> 4 per petal	February-March	Single & Inflorescence

Continued

Variety/Accession	Flower/Inflorescence position	Inflorescence type	No of flower bud per inflorescence	Stamina length	Separation of filament	Anther length
BARI Satkara-1	Terminal & Axillary	Corymb	5-7	Medium	Separated	2 mm
CM Jai-008	Axillary	Corymb	1-3	Short	Separated	2 mm

Continued

Variety/Accession	Anther dehiscence	Style shape	Flowering regularity	Flowering abundance	Secondary flowering
BARI Satkara-1	Normal	Straight	Regular bearer	Abundant	Absent
CM Jai-008	Moderate	Straight	Regular bearer	Abundant	Moderate

Keywords: Morphological characterization, Flower and flowering behavior, Satkara germplasm

Location: Citrus Research Station, BARI, Jaintapur, Sylhet

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Satkara

Objectives:

Citrus fruits play an important role in the fruit world for its availability period and high market value. In Bangladesh, we have a good number of citrus species, which can certainly contribute to the nutritional improvement of the people. Satkara is very important among the citrus fruits of Bangladesh. Every year Bangladesh exports a good amount of Satkara to EU countries and hence we need IPR of these citrus fruit varieties. Because bio-piracy is an ill practice now adopting in different countries and plants are then characterized in different ways to protect them for their own use. In these circumstances, characterization is a prime need for the valuable germplasm for any country. Hence, the study has been under taken.

Methodology:

In-situ morphological characterization of flowering behavior,flower and flower components of Satkara germplasm were conducted at the Citrus Research Station, BARI, Jaintapur, Sylhet during 2012-14. Two types of Satkara viz. BARI Satkara-1 and Local Satkara (CM Jai-008) were included in this study and characterized. Different characteristics regarding leaf cycle, leaf blade, petiole and wings were studied and characterization accordingly the descriptor published by IPGRI.

Passport Descriptor

Name of Crop (English)	:	Satkara
Scientific Name	:	Citrus macroptera
Collecting Institute	:	Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute
Country of Origin	:	Bangladesh
Variety/Cultivar	:	BARI Satkara-1, CM Jai-008
Commercial value	:	High
Cultivation practices	:	Homestead and commercial orchard
Area coverage	:	100 ha

Flower Descriptors

1.	Pedicel length [mm]
2.	Calyx diameter	3 Small 5 Medium 7 Large
3.	Length of anthers relative to stigma	3 Shorter 5 Medium 7 Longer
4.	Flower type	1 Hermaphrodite 2 Male 3 Female
5.	Colour of open flower	1 White 2 Light yellow 3 Yellow 4 Purple
6.	Colour of anthers	1 White 2 Pale yellow 3 Yellow
7.	Number of petals per flower
8.	Petal length [mm]
9.	Petal width [mm]
10.	Number of stamens	1 < 4 per petal 2 4 per petal 3 > 4 per petal
11.	Viable pollen	0 Pollen sterile 3 Sparse pollen (Imperial mandarin) 5 Normal pollen (Valencia orange) 7 Abundant pollen (Pummelo or W.I. Lime)
12.	Flowering month	1 January 2 February 3 March 4 April 5 May 6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September 10 October 11 November 12 December

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2013-14. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 20000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 20000/-

Achievement/Findings:

In this study, BARI Satkara-1 and local Satkara germplasm CM Jai-008 showed wide variations regarding flowering behavior,flower and flower components. Therefore, it can be concluded that these germplasm are distinct GI crop of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings