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Character Association and Path Analysis in Bread Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.)

Modan K. Das
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpure, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mohammad H. Mondal
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpure, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genotypic and phenotypic correlation and path coefficients of different characters were estimated in 9 varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Positive significant genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients were observed for seed yield/ plant with 100- seed weight, number of ears/ plant, ear length and number of seeds/ ear. The genotypic correlation between seed yield/ plant and plant height was positively significant but their phenotypic association was positive but insignificant. Days to beading was positively associated with days to maturity and negatively with number of seeds/ ear. The character had negative but insignificant association with seed yield/ plant. Days to maturity bad negatively significant associations with plant height and ear- length but a positively significant association with number of ears/ plant. Ear- length was positively and significantly correlated with number of seeds/ ear and 100- seed weight. Path coefficient analysis showed that number of ears/ plant had the highest direct effect (0.508) on yield. Number of seeds/ ear had a moderate direct effect (0.364). The 100- seed weight had a direct effect of 0.299. The present study identified that number of ears/ plant, number of seeds/ ear and 100- seed weight were the major components of yield in bread wheat.

Keywords: Character Association, Path Analysis, Wheat

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Institute Farm, Dhaka

Start Date: 01-01-1982

End Date: 30-06-1983

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

1. To determine the association of some quantitative characters among themselves and with yield and the direct and indirect effects of yield contributing characters on yield in wheat (T. aestivum L.).

Methodology:

The study was conducted during 1982- 83 with 9 varieties of bread wheat such as Jupatico, BAW- 28. BAW- 18, Inia- 66, Pavan- 76, Norteno- 67, Balaka, Tanorie- 77 and Sonalika at Bangladesh Agricultural Institute Farm, Dhaka. The varieties were seeded on 16 November, 1982 in a randomized block design with 4 replications in 4 sq.m. plots with spacing 20 cm between rows and 10 cm within rows. The crop was fertilized with 138, 92 and 69 kg/ ha of urea, T. S. P and M.P respectively. Two- third urea and full doses of T. S. P and M. P were applied at the time of land preparation and the remaining urea was top dressed at the time of first irrigation (20 days after sowing). Irrigation were given at 20 days after sowing and at heading and grain filling stages. Data were recorded on 20 randomly selected plants per plot for days to heading, days to maturity. plant height, number of ears/ plant, ear- length. number of seeds/ ear, 100- seed weight and seed weight/ plant. Plot means were used for statistical analysis. Characters such as number of ears/ plant, ear length, number of seeds/ ear, 100- seed weight and seed weight/plant were used for path analysis.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE Vol. 9 (1), Jan. – Mar. 1984, pp. 01-06, ISSN 0253–5408.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In 22 associations, genotypic correlation coefficient was larger than phenotypic one. But in all cases both genotypic and phenotypic correlations had the same direction (negative or positive). This finding indicated that there was strong inherent association between the characters. However, the phenotypic association was minimized due to environment. Highly significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation of seed yield/ plant with number of ears/ plant, ear- length, number of seeds/ ear and 100 seed weight was observed. Plant height had positive significant genotypic correlation with seed yield/ plant but the phenotypic correlation between them was positive and insignificant. Days to heading had a negative but insignificant association with seed yield/ plant. Direct effects of all four characters on yield were positive. Similarly, indirect effect of the characters except number of ears/plant through ear- length and vice- versa were positive. It is evident that 100- seed weight had the maximum correlation with yield but path coefficient analysis revealed that number of ears/ plant had the highest direct effect on yield. The maximum correlation of 100- seed weight with yield was due to its higher indirect effect through other traits. Thus correlation coupled with path analysis will give a better understanding of cause and effect relationship existing between different pairs of characters. So selection based on correlations without considering the direct and indirect effect of the characters may be incomplete and misleading. From the present study it may be concluded that ears/ plant, number of seeds/ ear and 100- seed weight are the principal components of yield and selection should be based on these characters to obtain high yielding genotypes.

Knowledge Management: Journal