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Effect of Water Stress on Growth Yield and Yield Contributing Characters of Transplanted Aman Rice

Dr. Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer and Head
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during August to December, 2001 to assess the effect of water stress on three rice genotypes. The experiment included a mutant (250-124) and two local varieties viz. Hoglapata and Ghunshi. Three water stress treatments namely 100, 60 and 30% FC were imposed when the plants attained tillers initiation and maintained up to maturity stage. The yield and yield contributing characters were generally affected due to water stress. Plant height, number of tillers, green leaves, effective tillers, filled grains/panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, chlorophyll content, leaf area, total dry matter (TDM), harvest index (HI) and yield were decreased with the water stress. But root dry weight, root volume, root-shoot ratio and number of unfilled grains were increased with increasing water stress. Mutant (250-124) produced the highest yield, TDM, HI and medium effective tillers, 1000-grain weight while the shortest panicle length under water stress condition. Hoglapata showed medium yield, TDM, HI and the highest effective tillers, panicle length, 1000-grain weight and lower filled grains per panicle. Ghunshi showed the lowest TDM, HI, 1000-grain weight and lower yield but medium panicle length under stress condition.

Keywords: Soil moisture, Rice, Growth, Yield

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-08-2001

End Date: 00-12-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The objectives of the study were to assess the effect of water stress on growth, yield and yield contributing characters of transplant aman rice genotypes and to identify water stress tolerant genotype.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during August to December, 2001 to estimate the growth and yield performance of 3 rice genotypes under 3 different soil moisture levels. The experiment included a mutant (250-124) and two local varieties viz. Hoglapata and Ghunshi. Three water stress treatments namely 100% FC (control), 60% FC and 30% FC were imposed when the plants attained tillers initiation and maintained up to maturity stage. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Each pot contained 3.5 kg of soil collected from BINA farm. Fertilizers were applied following 90-80-60-5 kg of N-P₂O₅-K₂O-S ha^-1 respectively. Twenty seven-day old 3 seedlings were transplanted in each puddle pot on 12 August 2001. Data on morpho-physiological, yield attributes and yield were recorded. The collected data were analyzed statistically following two factor experiment in RCBD with the help of MSTAT computer packages (Russell, 1986). The mean values of the treatments were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: MS thesis, Md. Jamil Chowdhury, Roll No. 8, Regi. No. 18929, Session: 1991-92, Semester: January-June 2002, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The yield and yield contributing characters were generally affected due to water stress. Plant height, number of tillers, green leaves, effective tillers, filled grains/panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, chlorophyll content, leaf area, total dry matter (TDM), harvest index (HI) and yield of rice genotypes were decreased with the water stress. But root dry weight, root volume, root-shoot ratio and number of unfilled grains were increased with increasing water stress. Average reduction of TDM and yield due to water stress were 14.79% and 46.63% respectively. However, genotypes response different for most of the characters and they had different degree of reduction. Among the three genotypes, mutant (250-124) produced the highest yield, TDM, HI and medium effective tillers, 1000-grain weight while the shortest panicle length under water stress condition. Hoglapata showed medium yield, TDM, HI and the highest effective tillers, panicle length, 1000-grain weight and lower filled grains per panicle. Ghunshi showed the lowest TDM, HI, 1000-grain weight and lower yield but medium panicle length under stress condition. Mutant (250-124) showed the best performance in yield and stress tolerance and may be used for further development as a variety for drought affected areas of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Thesis