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Importance of Leaf Area for Grain Set, Biomass Production and Yield in Wheat Under Varied Soil Moisture

M.M. Islam
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box 4, Mymensingh-2200.

M.A. Islam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2200

M.A. Malek
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box 4, Mymensingh-2200.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted in the separate field trials (irrigated and non irrigated) with 11 wheat genotypes. Leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter (TDM), ears per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per m² were higher in irrigated condition than rainfed condition. Heritability (Hb) estimates and genetic advance (GA) were high for LAI and grains per ear in stress environment, and LAI, TDM and 1000- grain weight in non stress environment. TDM for stress condition, and grains per ear and grain yield per meter square for non stress condition had high Hb moderate GA. Low Hb and low GA was observed for ears per plant and grain yield per m² in stress environment, and ears per plant in non stress environment. LAI at heading showed comparatively higher magnitude of correlation with TDM, grains per ear and grain yield per meter square under stress condition compared to non stress condition. LAI was negatively correlated with 1000-grain weight in stress condition while 1000- grain weight was found to be positively correlated with LAI under non stress condition. LAI played a key role in determining the yield and yield components in these genotypes.

Keywords: Leaf area, Grain set, Biomass production, Yield, wheat, Soil Moisture

Location: Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding Farm, BAU, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 20-11-1993

End Date: 00-03-1994

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To know the nature and extent of association of various component characters with yield.

Methodology:

Two trials were conducted at the Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding Farm, BAU, Mymensingh. The area of land for both the trials was same with similar topography and fertility status. These trials are : (1) under non stress environment (irrigated) and (2) under stress environment (rainfed). The materials comprised of 11 wheat genotypes. The sowing date of two trials was same and sown on 20 November, 1993 and harvested on March, 1994. The plot size (2.5m x 1.4 m) and spacing (20 cm x 5 cm) were identical in both the trials. In the irrigated plots (trial 1), irrigation were done as and when necessary. No irrigation was given to the rainfed plots (trial 2). The experimental design was randomized complete block design with three replications for both the trials. Soil moisture was determined by gravimetric method at an interval of 10 days starting from 30 days to 100 days after sowing. Then field capacity (F.e.) was calculated and presented in Figure 1 for the rainfed plots. Data on leaf area index (I, AI) per plant, total dry matter (TDM) per plant, number of cars per plant, number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per meter square were recorded. Genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were calculated according Hb) was estimated.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture. Vol: 13, pp: 19-26, 1997

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on these information it can be concluded that LAI, TDM, ears/plant, 1000-grain weight and yield are higher in irrigated condition than rainfed condition. Only, grain/ear is higher in rainfed than irrigated environment. Green leaf area per unit ground cover is important for higher grain set in stress condition. It is therefore, necessary to maintain optimum green leaf area for high yield production when wheat is grown under soil moisture stress condition. Selection based on LAI and grains/ear for stress environment, and LAI, TDM and 1000-grain weight for non stress environment having high Hb, GA and correlated with grain yield may bring out desired improvement towards enhancing the grain yield.

Knowledge Management: Journal