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Potassium Release and Depletion Behaviour in Several Soils of Bangladesh

M. S. Islam
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2200.

M. I. AIi
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box-4, Mymensingh-2200.

M. Jahiruddin
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2200.

M. Q. Haque
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box-4, Mymensingh-2200.

M. H. Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box-4, Mymensingh-2200.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted on the potassium releasing and depletion behaviour of six selected soil series of Bangladesh. The pattern of K release by two extracting reagents (IN NH₄OAC and O.3N NaCl) indicated that the amount of K continued to decrease with each subsequent extraction. The rate of K release was always higher with IN NH₄OAC extraction than with O.3N Nacl. Virtually the amount of extraction by both the methods came to almost zero after the 5th/6th extraction on all soils except Kamalkati where it continued up to the 10 th extraction. Potassium depletion behaviour studied under green house condition indicated that the dry matter yield and K uptake gradually decreased with the successive harvests. Potassium application resulted in higher dry matter yield and K uptake by plant in all soils compared with no K treatment. Both exchangeable and non exchangeable K of post harvest soils were continued to decline with successive harvests. The overall results suggest that in order to sustain higher crop yield under intensive cultivation, the addition of potash fertilizer is necessary.

Keywords: Potassium, Soil, Depletion

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-1995

End Date: 00-12-1995

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Land development productivity, Fertilizer

Objectives:

To studying the K release and depletion behaviour of several soils of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was undertaken at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh during the period from January to December, 1995. The study comprised K release and K depletion in soils. The observations were made on six selected soil series of Bangladesh. The general characteristics of the soils are presented. The K release in soils was assessed by two extraction methods, 1N NH₄OAc and 0.3N NaCI. In both methods 2g. soil was shaked with 25 ml of extracting solution for 24 hours. The suspension was centrifuged and K content in the supernatant was determined by Flame Photometer. The extraction was repeated until the plateau was reached. The depletion of K in soils was studied under greenhouse condition. One kg of each soil was taken into plastic pots containing 0 and 100 ppm K with three replications. A basal application was made with 100 ppm N, 50 ppm P, 40 ppm S and 10 ppm Zn from NH₄NO₃, NH₄H₂PO₄, (NH₄)₂SO₄ and ZnCl₂, respectively. Nitrogen rate was adjusted from the three NB4 compounds. Potassium was supplied as KCl. Paragrass cuttings were planted at the rate of 5 cuttings per pot. The plants were harvested after six weeks of planting. Watering and weeding were done as per requirement of the crop. After 1st harvest, the pots were left for growing for another six weeks. In this way the pots were continued up to 4th harvests. After each harvest, the plant samples were dried in an -oven at 65°C overnight to record the dry matter yield per pot. The oven dried samples were ground and k content was determined by digesting in triacid mixture following estimation of K in the digest with Flame Photometer. The exchangeable K in the post harvest soil samples was analyzed by 1 N NH₄OAc extraction method and the nonexchangeable K by extracting the soil samples by I.4N H₂SO₄. In both cases, the amount of K in the extract was estimated using Flame Photometer.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture. Vol: 13, pp: 27-35, 1997

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Up taking formation of potassium and soil K concentration it was also indicated that plant took K not only from exchangeable pool but also from non exchangeable sites. the findings of increased K uptake and reduced the release of K from non exchangeable reserves. Hence it can be inferred that the intensive cropping for high yield caused heavy depletion of exchangeable and non exchangeable K in alluvial soils, particularly in absence of K fertilizer.

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