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Impacts of Aquaculture in and Around Farms in Mymensingh District

D. Biswas
Extension Officer
BARC, Dhaka

M.S. Hossain
Assistant Professor
Department of Aquaculture, BAU, Mymensingh

M.A.B. Habib
Professor
Department of Aquaculture, BAU, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The environmental impacts of aquaculture practices were determined in relation to socio-economic aspects in land based pond farms. Data were collected from farm owners/managers and general people (each living near each farm) covering all the 13 upazillas of Mymensingh district during July to October 2002. Most of the farms (85.0 %) were established during last decade and majorities of the farms (82.5 %) were established on agricultural land. Fourteen different fish species both native and exotics were cultured in these farms. Fertilizers, feeds, chemicals, antibiotics and other toxic substances were used in these farms. Most of the farms (90.0 %) discharged wastewater into the surrounding area, beel, river and canal. Farmed fishes were usually escaped into the surrounding environment, thus changing the fish species composition around the farms. The levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) were observed to be higher in these discharged water than those of pond water. Deliberate killing of birds and aquatic mammals by farm owners and inadequate measures to dispose highly infected or dead fishes were also noticed. During the last five years the number of fish farms increased from 18 to 40 with fish production ranging from 3705 to 4816 kg/ha. Average annual fish production gradually increased except in 1998-99 where fish production had declined due to flood. The study suggested some measures to overcome these problems to achieve a sustainable development of aquaculture. Fish farms present in this region contributed a remarkable part of inland fish production in Bangladesh. Key words: Impacts, Aquaculture, Farms

Keywords: Impacts, Aquaculture, Farms

Location: Thirteen upazillas of Mymensingh District

Start Date: 00-07-2002

End Date: 00-10-2002

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Impact

Objectives:

i) To determine the socio-economic impacts of aquaculture in farm and local people

ii) To identify the species cultured in the farm and the effects of introduction of exotics and escape of farmed fishes into the environment

iii)To identify the problems of fish culture faced by the farm owners' and the problems perceived by the local people due to farming

iv) To suggest some policy measures and recommendations.

Methodology:

Selection of the study area: Primary information about fish farms present in Mymensingh district was collected from Upazilla Fisheries Office. Finally data were collected from farm owners/managers and local people living near farm randomly covering the selected study area. Preparation of the survey schedule: According to the objectives of the study, a survey schedule (consisting of two parts, one is for farm owners and another is for local people living near the farm) was prepared to collect the expected data. At first a draft schedule was prepared in accordance with the objectives of the study. Then the schedule was pre-tested to verify the relevance of the questions and the nature of the sample producers. After pre-testing and necessary adjustment, a final survey schedule was developed. Selection of sample procedures: It was not possible to include all the farms under the study because of limitation of time and resources. So, the selection of sample size was one of the crucial aspects for the study. A reasonable size of sample to achieve the objectives of the study was considered. Considering these aspects, 40 sample farms were selected for the study. A purposive sampling technique was followed in this study. Period of data collection: For this purpose, the data were collected intensively by using structured survey schedules in recall method. The collection of data covered a period of four months from July and October 2002. For this purpose the researcher paid a number of extensive visits throughout the period. Collection of data: With a set of interview schedule designed for this study, each respondent was given a brief introduction about the nature and purpose of the study during the interview. Besides, the researcher asked the questions systematically in a very simple manner with explanations wherever it was felt necessary and the information was recorded. Process and analysis of data: After data collection, the collected data were summarized, tabulated and analyzed according to the objectives of the study. A tabular method of analysis was followed in analyzing the collected information.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Train. and Dev. Vol. 16(1&2),2003: 107-116,ISSN 1013-0306

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Most of the farms (90.0 %) discharged wastewater into the surrounding area, beel, river and canal. Farmed fishes were usually escaped into the surrounding environment, thus changing the fish species composition around the farms. The levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) were observed to be higher in these discharged water than those of pond water. Deliberate killing of birds and aquatic mammals by farm owners and inadequate measures to dispose highly infected or dead fishes were also noticed. During the last five years the number of fish farms increased from 18 to 40 with fish production ranging from 3705 to 4816 kg/ha. Average annual fish production gradually increased except in 1998-99 where fish production had declined due to flood. The study suggested some measures to overcome these problems to achieve a sustainable development of aquaculture. Fish farms present in this region contributed a remarkable part of inland fish production in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal