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Genetic Variation and Inter-relationships Between Yield and Contributing Characters in Bread Wheat

Md. Imtiaz Uddin
Plant Breeding Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture P. O. Box 4, Mymcnsingh 2200 Bangladesh

A. K. M. Shamsuddin
Genetics and Plant Breeding Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic vanauon and inter-relationships between yield and yield contributing characters under irrigated condition was assessed using thirty six genotypes of bread wheat. Characters like 100-grain weight, harvest index and grain yield/plant exhibited high heritability together with high genetic advance. These characters had also shown medium to high genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation conferring the dominant role of additive gene effects in their expressivity. Days to maturity showed high heritability despite genetic advance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation appeared very low. Genotypic correlation coefficients in general were found higher than their corresponding phenotypic ones. The characters, number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, harvest index showed significant positive correlations with grain yield/plant. Multiple regression analysis identified seven characters that explained about 58% of the variability in grain yield. Number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, -grain weight and harvest index were appeared being major factors influencing yield, and these traits could be effective for future plant breeding applications in improving bread wheat yields.

Keywords: Genetic variation, Yield, Bread wheat

Location: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-1997

End Date: 00-04-1998

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To assess the extent of variability, heritability and genetic advance for grain yield and their yield contributing characters and finally their inter-relationships.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at field laboratory of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from November, 1997 to April, 1998 under irrigated condition. Thirty six bread wheat genotypes (varieties/lines) were used. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The unit plot size was 2.0m x 1.5m. Seeds were sown in continuous rows keeping the row to row distance 20 cm. Fertilization was done with Urea, TSP and MP at the rate of 200 kg, 200 kg and 80 kg per hectare, respectively. Intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Data were recorded on number of spikes per plant, length of spike (em), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 100- grain weight (g), days to maturity, harvest index (%) and grain yield per plant (g). Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, heritability and genetic advance at 5% selection intensity were estimated according to Johnson et al. (1955). Genotypic and phenotypic correlation coefficients for different characters in all possible combinations were calculated with formula given by Miller et al. (1958). Multiple regression analysis was finally followed as followed by Gomez and Gomez (1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture. Vol: 15, pp: 7-14, 1999

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The inclusion of number of grains/spike, 100-grain weight, days to maturity and harvest index considerably shared the contribution to grain yield. On the other hand, the increment was negligible with the addition spike length and number of spikelets/spike. They suggested these traits as important components in determining grain yield in wheat. However, over all analysis of the findings suggest that due emphasis should be given to number of spikes/plant, grains/spike and higher harvest index in future yield improvement programmes in bread wheat.

Knowledge Management: Journal