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Soil Moisture Stress and the Growth and Yield of Field Crops with Emphasis on Groundnut

M.A. R. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Soil moisture stress is one of the most important determinants of the growth and yield of crop plants. The vegetative growth of crop plants has been found to be severely affected by soil moisture stress. The stunted growth of plants is the most common sign of such stress. Besides this, the total vegetative dry matter production has also been found to be adversely affected by soil moisture stress. The effect of soil moisture stress on crop growth and yield depends upon the severity of stress and also the moisture sensitive growth stages of plants. In general, the vegetative stage of legumes are not sensitive to soil moisture stress However. prefloral vegetative stage in groundnut is sensitive to soil moisture stress. Moisture shortage at flowering, pegging and fruit enlargement stage reduces the yield of groundnuts. Moisture stress is not harmful at ripening stage however, it delays the maturity.

Keywords: Soil moisture stress. Grouadnut. Growth and Yield,

Location: BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Ground nut

Objectives:

To determine the moisture stress on groundnut and it affect on yield

Methodology:

It is a review paper and discussed detail about the moisture stress on groundnut. Plant growth is suspended during moisture stress and resumed upon its alleviation. Leaf growth is said to be extremely sensitive to water stress. Plant growth is suspended during moisture stress and resumed upon its alleviation. Stunted growth of stems is one of the common signs of water stress. Cell enlargement is so sensitive to water deficits that stem elongation can be inhibited in some species by small diurnal water deficits Generally top growth is reduced more than root growth because more severe water deficits develop in the transpiring tops and probably persist longer. Thus, top-toot ratios are generally decreased by water stress, although the absolute weight of roots usually decrease. The suspended growth of the plants during moisture stress is resumed upon the alleviation of stress. If the water supply is renewed before death. the recovery may take several days even in plants where only a brief period of desiccation occurred to the extent of wilting

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Scl. 17 (1):65-74: January, 1990

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Moisture stress is known to delay maturity in crop plants. This delay in maturity depends on the species and variety of the crop and it is observed a significant delay in maturity due to groundnut. Moisture stress during the ripening stage has very little or no effect on the yield and yield components as it is the stage of dehydration of grains. The fruit maturation stage in groundnut is not sufficiently sensitive to water deficits to cause yield depression. The water deficits of 2-3 weeks before harvest is not critical for groundnut.

Knowledge Management: Journal