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Increase Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Wheat Seed Production by Using Digital Image Analysis System

SHAMIM ARA BAGUM
Seed Technology Division, BARI, Gazipur

M.A. HAKIM
Seed Technology Division, BARI, Gazipur

M.S. RAHMAN
Seed Technology Division, BARI, Gazipur

A. NESSA
Seed Technology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Wheat yield extremely influenced by on nitrogen (N) fertilization. The production and application of N fertilizers need large quantity of energy and excess is harmful to the environment; therefore, increasing plant N use efficiency (NUE) is essential for the improvement of sustainable crop production. This study investigates the accumulation and partitioning of dry matter (DM) and N use in a wheat variety in different nitrogen doses and to develop a nondestructive method for monitoring wheat growth and N status using digital camera. Four wheat varieties (BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 28, BARI Gom 29 and BARI Gom 30) with four levels of nitrogen (N₀=0kg/ha, N₁=N50kg/ha, N₂=N100 kg/ha and N₂=N150 kg/ha). Leaf SPAD values, dry matter, were measured at different growth stages. Digital photo were taken of the wheat canopies at different growth stage. The green and red values were extracted from the digital images and then used to calculate canopy cover by using fertilizer image analysis soft ware. The values of canopy cover were closely correlated with the normalized difference vegetation index and the ratio vegetation index. Models were calibrated to describe the relationship between canopy cover and three growth properties of wheat (i.e., NDVI, LA, and aboveground biomass). There were close, exponential relationships between canopy cover and three growth properties. And the relationships for estimating wheat aboveground total dry matter were most precise, the coefficients of determination (????²) value was 0.978, and the root mean square error (RMSE) value was 1.479 g m^-2. The result indicated that the best relationship between canopy cover and aboveground total dry matter had????²value of 0.926 and an RMSE value of 1.631 g m^-2. In conclusion, as a near-ground remote assessment tool, digital cameras have good potential for monitoring wheat growth

Keywords: Nitrogen use efficiency, Wheat seed production, Digital image analysis

Location: At Seed Technology Division, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2014

End Date: 00-03-2015

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

1.To use digital camera image and software for assess leaf nitrogen of wheat at different stage.

2.To establish a relationship among the physiological character and different image character.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Seed Technology Division, Gazipur, under Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute during November, 2014 to March, 2015. Four wheat varieties (BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 28, BARI Gom 29 and BARI Gom 30) with four levels of nitrogen (N₀=0kg/ha, N₁=N50kg/ha, N₂=N100 kg/ha and N₂=N150 kg/ha). The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Each plot was consisted of 6 rows of each genotype with 2.5 meter long; row to row distance was 20 cm with continuous seeding. Seeds were sown on 20 November, 2014 and crop was harvested on March, 2015. Three irrigation were applied at crown root initiation, maximum tillering and initial grain filling stages during the crop season. Blanket dose of fertilizers were applied at the rate of P₆₀ K₄₀, S₂₀ Zn₅ and B₁ kg/ha in the form of TSP, MOP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid, respectively. In case of irrigated plots, two third urea and whole amount of all fertilizers were applied as basal and one third urea was top dress at CRI stage. On the other hand, all fertilizers were applied as basal in case of rainfed plots. Intercultural operations like thinning and weeding were done as and when necessary. Physiological parameters like leaf area index (LAI) (Leaf area meter-LICOR-3300, USA), crop density i.e. percent coverage by (Green seeker, handheld crop sensor, Trimble through NDVAI value -Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), SPAD value by (Model-SPAD-502, Minolta, Japan), dry matter etc. Middle four rows were harvested (1 m²) for yield and yield contributing characters were recorded from ten plants from each plot in the field and laboratory. Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, and Carotenoid, were measured.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, 2014-2015, Seed Technology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It could be concluded that under the conditions of the current experiment, application of nitrogen fertilizer has positive effects on Physiological parameter of wheat cultivar. Potential use of digital camera as a tool combined with software to make nitrogen fertilizer recommendation for large fields of wheat.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings