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Evaluation of Flood Damage on the Grain Sorghum (sorghum Vulgare) Seedlings.

M. A. Rahman
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The seedlings of Grain Sorghum (SORGHUM VULGARE) were subjected to complete submergence under water (simulated flood) for various durations at a stage of growth when the plants were approximately 6-8 cm tall. The durations of flood were 2-, 5- and 8-days treated lysimeters and no flooding was done in controlled lysimeters. The damage due to flood stress was evaluated by comparison with control from parameters such a plant height, dry matter yield and survival percentage. An in- significant damaging effect due to simulated floods of 2.days duration and significant damaging effects due to simulated floods of more than 2-days durations were observed.

Keywords: Grain, Sorghum, Submergence

Location: BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sorghum

Objectives:

To evaluate the impact of flood on Grain Sorghum

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted on field lysimeters of the percolative type. Grain sorghum was grown for a period of 30 days after emergence. Twelve Lysimeters with undisturbed cores of Travis fine sandy loam soil were used. This soil has a layer of fine sandy loam in the A-horizon to a depth of 45 cm and a red sandy clay soil in the Bvharizon. The lysimeters were 90 cm in diameter and 180 ern in depth. A movable shelter protected the lysimeters from rain. The details of the installation are given by Hiler (1969). Twelve lysimeters were arranged three in a row in the shelter. This arrangement allowed four treatments, with three replications of each treatment, giving a randomized complete block design. The treatments utilized were 2-, 5- and 8- days period of flooding and a control treatment which received no flooding. Oxygen diffusion rates were measured every day on each lysimeter. Average of six readings were taken for a measurement. The soil water pressure potential at 15 cm depth in all lysimeters of the control treatment was kept between 10 and 20 centibars by supple- mental irrigation. Floods were simulated by supplying water to the soil surface upto the top edge of the lysimeters. At the end of flooding periods, water supply was cut off and excess water from the top of the lysimeters was removed by the application of vacuum at the drainage outlets. During rest of the growing periods, soil water pressure potentials were maintained between 10 and 20 centibars by the application of water on the soil surface.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J, Agril. Sci. 5 (1): 27-34: 1978

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

As a result of this study, the following conclusions can be made: 1. The flood treated plants in general were affected due to submergence under water and the damage was proportional to the length of flooding period. 2. The heights of plants were greatly reduced due to flooding and it was very severe for more than 2-days. 3. The percentage of survival of plants was high. The population of plants did not greatly reduce even for prolonged flooding of 5-and 8-days. 4. The yields of dry matter were greatly reduced. The reductions were 55, 80 and 86 percent by weight for periods of 2-days, 5.days and 8-days of flooding in that order with respect to control plots. This result partially reflects the predictable loss of grain yields. It is suspected that a loss of yields more than 50 percent may seriously be considered as uneconomic and disastrous.

Knowledge Management: Journal