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Cytological Effect of Pesticides Ii. Cyto-morphological Changes in Barley Induced by Carbicron and Vapona

Sultanul Alam
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh.

M. N. Amin
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh.

M. A.Islam
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to see the effects of two insecticides, Carbicron and Vapona, on the morphology and cytology of barley plants, Three different concentrations or these insecticides were applied in three different ways viz, seed treatment, seedling spray and seed treatment plus seedling spray. Effects of these insecticides on germination percentage, morphological characters and cytological behaviors was measured. Germination percentage gradually decreased with an increase of insecticidal concentration. Length of ear, number of seeds per ear, weight of grains per ear and weight of 100 grains gradually decreased with an increase of concentration of insecticides al though there was little effect of insecticides on plant height and number of tillers per plant. All the treatments induced chromosomal abnormalities which included laggards, bridges, fragments and micronuclei. The frequency of such abnormalities was increased with an Increase of concentration of insecticides in meiotic cells of barley plant. Greater percentage of abnormalities was induced by seed treatment plus seedling spray than seed treatment or seedling alone.

Keywords: Cytological effect, Pesticides, Barley, Carbicron and vapona

Location: Rajshahi University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Barley

Objectives:

To see the effects of two insecticides, Carbicron and Vapona, on the morphology and cytology of barley plants,

Methodology:

The seeds of local variety of barley, Hordeum vulgare L. used as plant material throughout this experiment were procured from the Department of Botany, Rajshahi University. Two organophosphorus insecticides, Carbicron-I00 and Vapona-50, with wide range of pest control Were used as chemical material for this study. Three different concentrations of each insecticides used in this study were prepared as 0.2 oz, 0.4 oz and 0.8 oz 12.5 gallons of water for Carbicron, and 0.3 oz, 0.6 oz and 1.2 oz /2.5 gallons of water for Vapona and were designated as D₁ (recommended dose). D₂ ( high dose) and D₃( very high dose ), respectively. Healthy dry barley seeds were soaked in prescribed doses using separate beakers for each treatment. After 12 hours of soaking, seeds were washed thoroughly with tap water. In order to see the effects of three different methods of application of insecticides the plants were raised in three different blocks in the field of botanical garden, Rajshahi University and treated as follows ; (i) The treated seeds were sown in lines with a gap of one foot between lines and three inches between plant to plant; (ii) The treated seeds were sown as in method I, and the seedlings were sprayed twice with the prescribed doses at the age of two weeks and before the initiation or flowering; (iii) The seedlings were raised from the un-treated seeds and were sprayed as in method II. Untreated plants were used as control. Flower heads were collected between 9 A. M. and 10 : 30 A. M. from each treatment and fixed in Carnoys solution (6: 3: 1 : ethanol : chloroform : acetic acid) and PMCs were stained with 2% acetocarmine,

Source of Information: Bangladeah J. Agril. Sci,11(2):2 135-145 :1984

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Germination percentage gradually decreased with an increase of insecticidal concentration. Length of ear, number of seeds per ear, weight of grains per ear and weight of 100 grains gradually decreased with an increase of concentration of insecticides al though there was little effect of insecticides on plant height and number of tillers per plant .All the treatments induced chromosomal abnormalities which included laggards. bridges, fragments and micronuclei. The frequency of such abnormalities was increased with an increase of concentration of insecticides in meiotic cells of barley plant. Greater percentage of abnormalities was induced by seed treatment plus seedling spray than seed treatment or seedling alone.

Knowledge Management: Journal