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Plant Growth and Phenology of Jamun (syzygium Cumini) in the Hilly Area of Bangladesh

A. S. M. Harunor Rashid
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

S. P. Chakma
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

M. Islam
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Plant growth and phenology of five years old seven jamun germplasm were studied at Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati Hill District during 2013-14. The results on the growth performance, flowering and harvest time of seven jamun germplasm in the hilly area during 2013-14 exhibited a wide variation. The plant height varied from 310 to 470 cm. The tallest plant height (470 cm) was recorded in SC Rai-006 followed by SC Rai-004 (465 cm), SC Rai-002 (440 cm) and SC Rai-003 (390 cm) as against the shortest (310 cm) in SC Rai-001. The plant base girth ranged from 35 to 66 cm. Maximum base girth (66 cm) was recorded in SC Rai-004 followed by SC Rai-006 (52 cm) and minimum base girth was recorded (35 cm) in SC Rai-001. The highest canopy spreading (510 × 500 cm) was found in SC Rai-004 and the lowest (260 × 230 cm) in SC Rai-001. Days to 1^st flower bud emergence were 2 months before of 1^st flowering in all the treatments. The days to first flowering time varied from last January to Mid April. The earliest flowering (last January) was observed in SC Rai-001 and the latest (mid April) in SC Rai-007. The days to first harvest varied from mid May to last June. The harvest was earliest (mid May) in SC Rai-001 and the latest (last June) in SC Rai-007.

Keywords: Syzygium cumini, Jamun, Yield, Fruit quality, Organoleptic taste

Location: Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

Start Date: 01-05-2013

End Date: 30-06-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Fruit

Objectives:

1. To study the plant growth and phenology jamun germplasm under Chittagong Hill Tracts,

2. To evaluate, characterized and documented on the basis of plant growth and phenology, and

3. To select superior jamun germplam in order to plant growth and phenology for improvement of the valuable minor fruit.

Methodology:

Plant growth and phenology jamun germplasm were studied at Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati Hill District during 2013-14. Seven grafted jamun germplasm viz., SC Rai-001, SC-Rai-002, SC-Rai-003, SC Rai-004, SC Rai-005, SC Rai-006 and SC Rai-007 were transplanted in 2009. The experiment was laid out in a single row plantation with three replications maintaining 8 × 8 m plant spacing. The soil was fertilized with well decomposed cowdung @ 25 kg/plant, 230 g N, 185 g P₂O₅ and 240 g K₂O per plant per year. N P & K were applied in the form of urea, TSP and MoP, respectively in two equal installments in a year, the first during September-October and the second during April-May. Intercultural operations like irrigation, weeding etc. were done as per requirement. Data on plant height, base girth, spreading, branching density, number of primary branches, time of vegetative flushing, time of flowering, time of fruit set, time of harvesting, harvest duration were calculated.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2013-14. Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 18000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 18000/-

Achievement/Findings:

Among the studied jamun germplasm in respect of flowering and harvesting the germplasm SC Rai-001 found earlier and the germplasm SC Rai-007 found late and it was concluded that use of those germplasm the fruit availability of jamun might be expanded from mide May to end of June.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings